Printed electronics for precision agriculture

Integration of multianalyte printed soil sensors, including pH, oxygen content, ion concentration, and enzyme concentration to determine nitrous oxide-based greenhouse gas emissions from soils.

Two-electrode Screen-printed pH Sensors for Monitoring Soil and Other Growing Media
C. A. Crichton, L. Lahann, J. P. C. Barba, T. Yuan, E. J. Strand, N. Bruno, P. J. Goodrich, C. L. Baumbauer, M. Atreya, E. Bihar, W. L. Silver, K. Pister, A. C. Arias, G. L. Whiting
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2025

Fully-printed Ion Sensor Arrays for Measuring Agricultural Nitrogen and Potassium Concentrations using Nernstian and AI Models
P. Goodrich, N. Poongovan, E. Strand, C. Schwendeman, L. Lahann, S. Koh, Y. Cai, C. Baumbauer, A. Toor. G. L. Whiting, A. C. Arias
Advanced Sensor Research, 2025

Ultrathin Screen-Printed Plant Wearable Capacitive Sensors for Environmental Monitoring
E. J. Strand, A. Gopalakrishnan, C. A. Crichton, M. J. Palizzi, O. Lee, T. Borsa, P. Goodrich, A. C. Arias, S. E. Shaheen, R. R. McLeod, G. L. Whiting
Advanced Sensor Research, 2025