Roger M. Enoka

Research Interests

• Neuromuscular determinants of motor function (movement) in health and disease.
• Neurophysiology of Movement Laboratory.

Education

• 1968-1970, Diploma of Physical Education, University of Otago, New Zealand
• 1971, Diploma of Teaching, Christchurch Teachers College, New Zealand
• 1974-1976, M.S., University of Washington , Seattle, WA.
• 1976-1981, Ph.D., University of Washington, Seattle, WA.

Professional Experience

• 1981-1987, Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise & Sport Sciences, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ.
• 1986-1990, Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
• 1987-1992, Associate Professor, Department of Exercise & Sport Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
• 1990-1992, Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
• 1992-1993, Professor, Departments of Exercise & Sport Sciences and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
• 1993-1996, Staff Scientist, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
• 1996-2002, Professor, Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
• 2000-2002, Chair, Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
• 2003-Present, Professor, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
• 2003-2013, Chair, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
• 2003-Present, Adjoint Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado
• 2011-Present, Adjoint Professor, Department of Neurology, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado
• 2016-2017, Chair, Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder
• 2018-2020, Associate Chair, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder

Honors and Awards

• 1989-1990, President, American Society of Biomechanics
• 1990-1998, Member, World Committee for Biomechanics.
• 1992-1996, NIH Study Section, Respiratory and Applied Physiology
• 1992-1996, American Physical Therapy Association, Research Advisory Panel
• 2004, Presidential Lecture, annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine
• 2011, Muybridge Award, International Society of Biomechanics
• 2018, Basmajian Award, International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology
• 2018, Borelli Award, American Society of Biomechanics

Recent Publications

• Alenazy M, Daneshgar Asl S, Petrigna L, Feka K, Alvarez E, Almuklass AM, Enoka RM. Treatment with electrical stimulation of sensory nerves improves motor function and disability status in persons with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 61: 102607, 2021.
• Buard I, Yang X, Kaizer A, Lattanzio L, Kluger B, Enoka RM. Finger dexterity measured by the Grooved Pegboard test indexes Parkinson’s disease severity in a tremor-dependent manner. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 66: 102695, 2022.
• Carzoli JP, Alenazy M, Richmond SB, Enoka RM. Bursting TENS increases walking endurance more than continuous TENS in middle-aged adults. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 63: 102644, 2022.
• Carzoli JP, Koger K, Amato A, Enoka RM. Tempo-controlled resistance training of the hip abductors and ankle dorsiflexors with light loads does not improve postural sway in older adults. Experimental Brain Research 240: 3049-3060, 2022.
• Davis LA, Carzoli JP, Feka K, Nelson C. Enoka RM. Exercise with TENS does not augment the gains in balance and strength for dancers. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 56: 102507, 2021. 
• Duchateau J, Enoka RM. Distribution of motor unit properties across human muscles. Journal of Applied Physiology 132: 1-13, 2022.
• Enoka RM. The motor unit and muscle action. In Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA (Eds.), Principles of Neural Science 6th edition, pp. 737-760. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2021. 
• Enoka RM. Neuromechanics of Human Movement 6th edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2023.
• Enoka RM, Almuklass AM, Alenazy M, Alvarez E, Duchateau J. Distinguishing between fatigue and fatigability in multiple sclerosis. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 35: 960-973, 2021.
• Enoka RM, Farina D. Force steadiness: from motor units to voluntary actions. Physiology 36: 114-130, 2021. 
• Gallina A, Disselhorst-Klug C, Farina D, Merletti R, Besomi M, Holobar A, Enoka RM, Hug F, Falla D, Søgaard K, McGill K, Clancy EA, Carson RG, van Dieën JH, Gandevia SC, Lowery M, Besier T, Kiernan MC, Rothwell JC, Tucker K, Hodges PW. Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project: High-density surface electromyography matrix. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 64: 102656, 2022.
• Manca A, Hortobágyi T, Carroll TJ, Enoka RM, Farthing J, Gandevia S, Kidgell D, Taylor J, Deriu F. Contralateral effects of unilateral strength and skill training: a modified Delphi consensus to establish key aspects of cross-education. Sports Medicine 51: 11-20, 2021.
• Marshall PW, Forward T, Enoka RM. Fatigability of the knee extensors following high- and low-load resistance exercise sessions in trained men. European Journal of Applied Physiology 122: 245-254, 2022.
• Marshall PW, Harrison TF, Enoka RM. Declines in muscle contractility and activation during isometric contractions of the knee extensors vary with contraction intensity and exercise volume. Experimental Physiology 106: 2096-2106, 2021.
• Mazzo MR, Holobar A, Enoka RM. Association between effective neural drive to the triceps surae muscles and fluctuations in plantar-flexor torque during steady submaximal isometric contractions. Experimental Physiology 107: 489-507, 2022.
• Mazzo MR, Weinman LE, Giustino V, McLagan B, Maldanado J, Enoka RM. Changes in neural drive to calf muscles during steady submaximal contractions after repeated static stretches. Journal of Physiology 599: 4321-4336, 2021.
• McManus L, Lowery M, Merletti R, Søgaard K, Besomi M, Clancy EA, van Dieën JH, Hug F, Wrigley T, Besier T, Carson RG, Disselhorst-Klug C, Enoka RM, Falla D, Farina D, Gandevia S, Holobar A, Kiernan MC, McGill K, Perreault E, Rothwell JC, Tucker K, Hodges PW. Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project: terminology matrix. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 55: 102565, 2021.
• Petrovic I, Amiridis IG, Holobar A, Trypidakis G, Kellis E, Enoka RM. Leg dominance does not influence maximal force, force steadiness, or motor unit discharge characteristics. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 54: 1278-1287, 2022.
• Trypidakis G, Amiridis IG, Enoka RM, Tsatsaki E, Kellis E, Negro F. Ankle angle but not knee angle influences force fluctuations during plantar flexion. International Journal of Sports Medicine 43: 131-137, 2022.
• Tsatsaki E, Amiridis IG, Holobar A, Trypidakis G, Arabatzi F, Kellis E, Enoka RM. The length of tibialis anterior does not influence force steadiness during submaximal isometric contractions with the dorsiflexors. European Journal of Sports Science 22: 539-549, 2022.