The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) is a federal law designed to protect the privacy of education records, to establish the right of students to inspect and review their education records, and to provide guidelines for the protection of inaccurate and misleading data through informal and formal hearings.
The link below provides more information about this law. The first is used for training campus personnel at the CU-Boulder campus, the second is a general university-wide overview of FERPA.