Published: Aug. 2, 2022

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Working in groups has been shown to be an effective way to improve student learning outcomes in physics. However, there are not many conceptual models to better understand how students think about group work. We revised a previously existing conceptual model to address both enacted and stated student beliefs, utilizing both survey responses and classroom observations. We found that our quadrant model was able to categorize most of the responses and observations. This new model can be used to describe enacted and stated student beliefs about group work in various fields.