Provisionalia

Index Librorum Scholasticorum

Robert Pasnau

Provisionalia is a guide and repository for texts and translations of scholastic philosophy and theology. The site aspires to list every scholastic author whose works have been the subject of scholarly attention, and to provide the following information:

• The titles of their extant works and the dates of composition
• Brief publication information for any Latin editions and translations into any language
• Links, where available, to digital versions of texts and translations that are not under copyright.
• Complete information about editions and translations in progress.
• Links, where available, to provisional editions and translations.
• The last of these is the site's raison d'être . It is my hope that scholars will send me their provisional texts and translations, and that these can be catalogued here, so that the bits and pieces of rough material that we all asssemble over the course of our research and teaching can be pulled together into something more useful for everyone. I will be glad either to post that material on this site, or to link to other sites. I will even scan hard copies of material, if that is all you have. I will also post large pdf files of old books. I am collecting, and I have lots of space, so send me what you have!

The core of this site are the Biographies in Appendix B of the new Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy (Cambridge University Press, 2009), from which I have deleted Islamic, Jewish, and non-scholastic Christian authors. Since that list did not extend into the Renaissance, coverage of later figures remains a work-in-progress.

The site as a whole will, perpetually, be a work in progress, and I do not mean to do this entirely by myself. For this site to be a success, it will require serious help from other scholars. Please send me any information, corrections, or texts that you have. Thanks for help so far to

• Matthew Campono
• Russell Friedman
• Stephen Lahey
• Martin Pickave
• Chris Schabel
• John Uebersax

Last Updated September 8, 2009

Adam of Buckfield (Bockenfield, Bocfeld) b. Northumberland, ca. 1220; d . 1279/92

Oxford arts master. Commentaries on a large number of Aristotelian works extant in many manuscripts, often in multiple redactions (mostly unedited), including

• Metaphysics (part. ed. Maurer 1955)
• Physics
• De caelo
• De generatione
• Meteorologica
• De anima [ca. 1145] (part. ed. Callus, in “ Two Early Oxford Masters” 1939)
• Parva naturalia
• De somno et vigilia, De somnis, and De divinatione per somnum (ed. as works of Aquinas, 1852-73 etc.)
• as well as the De causis

Adam Wodeham (Wodham, Wodam, Godam) b. ca 1298; d. 1358

Franciscan friar and theologian. Principal surviving philosophical work is his Sentences commentary, in multiple redactions.

• Lectura secunda [Bk. I up to d. 26] (ed. Wood and Gál 1990; d. 1 q. 1 tr. CTMPT 3)
• Oxford lectures (ca. 1332-34) in three redactions, and printed in an abbreviated form (ed. Major 1512). No full edition from the manuscripts has been made, even though this is clearly Wodeham's most important work.

Two works on the continuum:

• a brief Quaestio de divisione et compositione continui [1322/31] (ed. Murdoch and Synan, in “Two Questions” 1966)
• a book-length Tractatus de indivisibilibus [1322/31] (ed. and tr. Wood 1988)

Albert The Great (Albertus Magnus, Albert of Cologne) b. ca 1200; d. 1280

Dominican philosopher and theologian

• De natura boni [1230s]
• Summa de creaturis [by 1246]
• Sentences commentary [completed 1249]

A series of commentaries on nearly all of Aristotle's corpus, mostly in the form of paraphrases

• Physics [circa 1250]
• Ethics [1250-52, and again in 1262-63] (Bk. X of the earlier, tr. CTMPT 2)
• Organon [1252-56]
• Metaphysics [1263-67].

Commentaries on many other works

• pseudo-Dionysius [late 1240s] ( Mystical Theology tr. Tugwell 1988)
• Euclid's Elements [1262-63]
• An extensive set of biblical commentaries.

Two comparable older versions of Albert's Opera omnia are available (ed. Jammy 1651, 21 vols.; ed. Borgnet 1890-99, 38 vols.). A critical edition is in progress, but less than half complete (ed. Geyer et al. [Cologne] 1951-, 40 vols. projected).

Albert of Orlamünde fl. late 13 th c.

Dominican friar, teacher in Thüringen.

• Philosophia pauperum or Summa naturalium (ed. Venice 1496 etc.; part. ed. Geyer, in “ Summa naturalium ” 1938). [The edition from the Jammy edition of Albert the Great.]

Albert of Saxony (Albert of Rickmersdorf, Albertus Parvus, Albertutius) b. ca 1316; d. 1390

Arts master at Paris from 1351-1361. Logical works:

• Perutilis logica [ca. 1360] (tr. [Sp] Muñoz García 1988, with text of 1522|1974 ed.; tract. 2 ed. Kann, Eigenschaften 1993; tract. VI. c. 1, De insolubilibus , tr. CTMPT 1);
• Sophismata [ca. 1359] (eds. 1502|1975 etc.])
• Quaestiones logicales [ca. 1356] (ed. Fitzgerald 2002)

Commentaries on

• Ars vetus [ca. 1356] (ed. Muñoz García 1988)
• Posterior Analytics (ed. 1497|1986 etc.).
• Physics [ca. 1351] (ed. Patar 1999)
• De caelo [ca. 1354] (ed. 1492|1986 etc.
• De generatione et corruptione (ed. 1505|1970 etc.)
• Nicomachean Ethics (unedited)
• Economics (unedited)

Several short mathematical texts, most notably the Tractatus proportionum [ca. 1353] (ed. Busard 1971).

No theological writings survive.

Alexander of Alexandria (Bonini) b. Alessandria [Piedmont], ca. 1268; d. Rome, 1314

Franciscan theologian. Commentaries on

• Metaphysics [1304/6] (ed. 1572)
• De anima [ca. 1306] (ed. 1481 etc.)

Theological works:

• An early Sentences commentary heavily dependent on Bonaventure [1301-3] (unedited)
• a rewritten and original commentary [1307-8] (unedited)
• a Quodlibet [1307-8] (unedited).
• various biblical commentaries (unedited)

Several treatises concerning the Franciscan spiritualist controversy, which he took a strong role in combatting:

• Responsio ad Ubertinum de Casale (ed. Chiappini 1914)
• Tractatus de usu paupere (ed. Heysse 1917).

Also extant is

• Tractatus de usuris (ed. Hamelin 1962).

Alexander of Hales b. Gloucestershire, ca. 1185; d. Paris, 1245

First Franciscan at Paris to hold a chair in theology.

• Glossa on the Sentences [1223-27] (ed. 1951-57)
• Summa theologica ( Summa Halesiana , Summa Fratris Alexandri ) (ed. 1924-48)
• theological disputations (pre-1236 ed. Doucet 1960; post-1236 unedited)

Alexander Langeley fl. 1330s

Franciscan theologian, Oxford.

• Sentences I-III [1335/40] (Bk. I ed. Edwards 1999).

Alphonsus Vargas of Toledo d. 1366

Augustinian friar and theologian, Paris.

• Sentences [1344-45] (Bk. I only, ed. 1490|1952).
• Questions on the De anima (ed. 1477 etc.).

Andrew of Cornwall b. Cornwall, fl. late 13 th c.

Master of arts in Paris.

• Questions on the Isagoge (unedited)
• Questions on the Liber de sex principiis (unedited).

Andrew of Neufchâteau (Andreas de Novo Castro) b. Lorraine; d. ca. 1400

Franciscan theologian at Paris.

• Sentences Bk. I [1358-59] (ed. 1514; part. ed. Friedman, in “Divine Omnipotence” 1994; part. ed. and tr. Idziak 1997).
• a treatise on the immaculate conception (ed. Piana et al. 1954).

Angelo of Fossombrone fl. 1395-1402

Italian Arts master and logician.

• Insolubilia (unedited)
• commentary on part of William Heytesbury Regulae (unedited).

Anselm of Como fl. 1335-44

Master of arts at Bologna.

• a short Quodlibet
• various other brief works (ed. Kuksewicz, in Averroïsme bolonais 1965).

Antonius Andreae b. Aragon, ca. 1280; d. Catalonia, ca. 1320/25

Influential disciple of Scotus.

• Sentences commentary (ed. 1572 etc.)
• questions on the ars vetus (ed. 1508 etc.)
• questions on the Metaphysics (ed. 1491 etc.)
• Expositio of the Metaphysics (printed in older Scotus editions)
• Tractatus formalitatum and Quaestiones de tribus principiis rerum naturalium (both ed. 1475 etc.)

Antonius de Carlenis de Neapoli b. Monte Aquilo [Cassino], 1386; d. 1460

Philosopher and Dominican theologian.

• Sentences commentary [1439-40] (part. ed. and tr. Livesey 1994)
• Questions on the Posterior Analytics [1340s] (unedited)
• Questions on the Metaphysics (both unedited).

Armand of Bellevue (de Belvézer) b. Provence; d. after 1348

Dominican theologian.

• treatise on “difficult terms” in philosophy and theology [ca. 1326?] (ed. 1500 etc.)
• commentary on Aquinas's De ente et essentia [ca. 1319] (ed. in Thomas Aquinas 1496 etc.)
• response to Durand of Saint-Pour?çain and Thomas Waleys [1333] (ed. van Liere 1992)
• various biblical commentaries

Arnold of Strelley b. near Nottingham; d. 1349

Dominican theologian.

• Sentences commentary seems to have survived in an anonymous Erfurt manuscript (unedited).
• Apparently authored the Centiloquium theologicum , formerly ascribed to Ockham (ed. Ockham, Opera phil. VII).
• a paraphrase of Ockham's Tractatus de praedestinatione (ed. Gelber, in “Ockham's Early Influence” 1988).

Aubry of Rheims (Albericus) fl. 1260s-70s

Arts master at Paris.

• Philosophia [ca. 1265] (ed. Gauthier, in “Notes” 1984)

Bartholomaeus Anglicus b. England before 1203; d. 1272

Encyclopedist. A Franciscan friar.

• De proprietatibus rerum [ca. 1245] (ed. 1601|1964; Bks. III-IV [soul and body] ed. Long 1979)
  • English translation [1398] (tr. John Trevisa 1975-88).

Bartholomew of Bologna b. Bologna; d. after 1294

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary (unedited)
• Tracatus de luce (ed. Squadrani 1932)
• various disputed questions, including De fide (ed. Mückshoff 1940)
• various sermons (unedited)

Bartholomew of Bruges b. ca. 1286; d. 1356

Arts master and physician.

• Physics
• De anima
• De generatione et corruptione
• Economics (all unedited)
• commentary on Averroes's paraphrase of the Poetics (ed. Dahan 1980)
• various sophismata/disputed questions (part. ed. in various secondary sources)

Bernard of Auvergne b. Gannat [Auvergne]; d. after 1307

Dominican theologian.

• Various defenses of Aquinas [all dating 1298/1315], against
  • Henry of Ghent (unedited)
  • James of Viterbo (unedited)
  • Godfrey of Fontaines (part. ed. Stella, in “Teologi e teologia” 1957)
• brief commentary on Bk. I of the Sentences commentary (unedited) [of uncertain attribution].

Bernard Lombardi fl. 1323-32

Dominican theologian.

• Sentences (Paris in 1327-28) (unedited) - extant in several redactions
• Quodlibet (unedited) [prob. 1331-32].

Bernard of Trilia b. Nimes, ca. 1240; d. Avignon, 1292

Thomistic theologian.

• several disputed questions, including
  • the soul's cognition when separated from body [ca. 1285] (ed. Künzle 1969)
  • and when joined to body (part. ed. Goris, in Kritik 1998)
• three Quodlibeta (part. ed. André, in “Les Quodlibeta ” 1921)
• various biblical commentaries

Berthold of Moosburg b. ca 1300; d. after 1361

German Dominican.

• commentary on Proclus's Elements of Theology (ed. Pagnoni-Sturlese and Sturlese 1984-, 9 vols.)

Blasius of Parma (Pelacanus, de Pelacanis, Biagio Pelacanbii) b. Parma, ca. 1345; d. Parma, 1416

Heterodox Italian philosopher.

• two works on the soul [1382; 1385] (both ed. Federici-Vescovini 1974)
• two redactions of the Physics [1382/88; 1397] (unedited)
• various works on logic, including a set of questions on Paul of Spain (ed. Biard and Federici-Vescovini 2001)
• works on quantitative natural philosophy
  • questions on Bradwardine's Tractatus proportionum (ed. Biard and Rommevaux 2006)
  • a quaestio on the intension and remission of forms (ed. Vescovini 1994).

Boethius of Dacia (Dacus) b. Denmark, ca. 1240; d. after 1277

A leading arts master at Paris. The complete works are available in a modern edition (ed. J. Pinborg et al. 1969-).

• Treatises on the eternity of the world and on human happiness (both tr. Wippel 1987)
• questions on the Topics
• questions on Priscian (tr. Senape McDermott 1980),
• a collection of sophismata (part. tr. CTMPT 1).

Bonaventure (John of Fidanza) b. near Orvieto, ca. 1217; d. Lyon, 1274

Franciscan theologian. The complete works are available in a modern edition (ed. 1882-1902).

• Sentences commentary [1250-52] (very extensive translations, with parallel Latin text, at The Franciscan Archive)
  • (“Conscience and synderesis” [II.39] tr. CTMPT 2;
• disputed questions
  • De scientia Christi [ca. 1254] (tr. Hayes 1992)
  • De mysterio Trinitatis [ca. 1257] (tr. Hayes 1979)
  • De perfectione evangelica
• various opuscula
  • Itinerarium mentis in Deum [1259] (tr. Boehner 1993) [searchable version of Latin, from Peter King ]
  • De reductione artium ad theologiam (tr. Hayes 1996)
  • Breviloquium (tr. de Vinck 1960-70)
• the sermon Unus est magister vester Christus (tr. CTMPT 3)
• Collationes in Hexaemeron [1273].

Cajetan (Thomas de Vio) b. 1469; d. 1534.

Leading Thomist.

• De nominum analogia [Latin text scanned by Peter King]

Cajetan of Thiene (Gaetano, Caietanus) b. Gaeta, 1387; d. Padua, 1465

Italian natural philosopher.

• Aristotelian commentaries
  • Physics [1439] (ed. 1476 etc.)
  • De caelo (ed. 1476 etc.)
  • Meteora (ed. 1476 etc.)
  • De anima (ed. 1475 etc.)
• treatise on William Heytesbury's Regulae and Sophismata (ed. 1494)
• treatise on the intention and remission of forms (ed. 1491).

Cambiolus of Bologna fl. 1330s

Arts master at the University of Bologna.

• disputed questions on natural philosophy (ed. Kuksewicz, in Averroïsme bolonais 1965).

David of Dinant b. Dinant [Belgium]; d. ca. 1214

Physician and philosopher, censured for his interpretation of Aristotle.

• fragments from his lectures in Paris, the Quaternuli (ed. Kurdzialek 1963, Casadei 2008).

Denys The Carthusian (Dionysius, de Leeuwis) b. Rijkel [Belgium], 1402/3; d. 1472

Encyclopedic scholar and leading Albertist.

• Opera omnia (ed. 1896-1935, in 43 vols)
• Opera selecta (ed. Emery 1991-)

Dietrich of Freiberg (Theodoric, Thierry, Theodoricus Teutonicus, of Saxony) b. Freiberg, ca. 1250; d. after 1310

Dominican scholar, active in natural philosophy, metaphysics, and theology.

• Opera omnia (ed. Flasch 1977-85 in 4 vols.)
  • De luce
  • De coloribus
  • De iride (part. tr. Wallace 1974)
  • De ente et essentia
  • De quiditatibus entium (tr. Maurer, in “The De quidditatibus ” 1956)
  • De intellectu et intelligibili (tr. Führer 1992)
  • De accidentibus

Durand of Saint-Pourçain b. 1270/75; d. Meaux, 1334

Controversial Dominican theologian.

• Sentences commentary
  • first redaction [1304-7] (unedited)
  • second redaction [1310-11] (unedited)
  • third redaction [1317/27] (ed. 1571|1964 etc.; digital repr. on web at Thomas–Institut)
• five Quodlibeta [1312-16] (ed. Stella 1965; Takada 1968)
• questions De habitibus [prob. 1312-13] (ed. Koch 1930)

Durandellus (Nicholas Medensis) fl. 1320s

Thomistic critique of Durand of Saint-Pourçain

• Evidentiae contra Durandum [ca. 1325-26] (ed. Stella 2003)

Eckhart of Hochheim (Meister Eckhart) b. Hochheim [Thuringia] ca. 1260; d. prob. Avignon, 1328

Controversial scholastic philosopher, theologian, and mystic.

• Die deutschen und lateinischen Werke (ed. 1936-) [nearly complete]
  • Opus tripartitum [begun in 1305]
  • Das Buch der göttlichen Tröstung [ca. 1315]

For extensive information about texts see http://www.eckhart.de/.

Edward Upton b. Winchester; d. 1418/19

Logician.

• De probationibus propositionum (ed. de Rijk, in Some 14 th Century Tracts 1982)
• De actione interiori elementorum simplicium (unedited)
• two brief logical treatises (unedited)

Eustachius of Arras (Atrebatensis, Eustace) b. Arras [N France] ca. 1225; d. 1291

Franciscan theologian.

• fragments of a Sentences commentary (unedited)
• three Quodlibeta (unedited)
• many disputed questions (largely unedited)
  • on the eternity of the world (ed. Dales and Argerami 1986-87)

Ferrandus of Spain (de Hispania) fl. 1290s

Master of arts at Paris, known as Averroist.

• commentaries
  • Metaphysics (unedited)
  • Economics [authorship uncertain] (unedited)
  • De substantia orbis (unedited).
• Quaestio de specie intelligibili (ed. Kuksewicz 1977)

Ferrarius the Catalan (Ferrer, Catalanus) fl. 1265-75

Dominican theologian.

• two Quodlibeta [1275/77] (unedited)
• various sermons (unedited)

Francis of Marchia (de Appignano, de Esculo, de Ascoli, Franciscus Rubeus) b. Appignano del Tronto, ca. 1285-90; d. after 1344

Strikingly original Franciscan theologian and natural philosopher.

• Sentences [1319-20, later revised] (surviving in multiple redactions but never printed)
  • prologue and Bk. I dd. 1-10 (ed. Mariani)
  • a separate effort at a critical edition in progress
• Quodlibet (ed. Mariani 1997)
• commentaries
  • Physics (ed. Mariani 1998)
  • Metaphysics (unedited)
• Improbatio (ed. Mariani 1993).

Francis of Meyronnes (de Mayronis) b. Provence, ca. 1288; d. Piancenza, 1328

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences [1320-21] (in multiple redactions)
  • revised version = the Conflatus (ed. 1520|1966 etc.).
• dispute over the Trinity with Pierre Roger [1320-21] (ed. Barbet 1961);
• commentaries
  • ars vetus (ed. 1479 etc.)
  • Physics (ed. 1490 etc.)
• treatise on the transcendentals (ed. Möhle 2004)
• Quodlibeta (ed. 1520|1966 etc.)
• many sermons (ed. 1491 etc.)
• treatise on intuitive cognition (ed. Etzkorn, in “Franciscus de Mayronis,” 1994-97)
• various political treatises

Francis of Prato b. Prato [Tuscany], fl. 1340s

Dominican philosopher, advocate of metaphysical realism.

• Logica [1344-45] (ed. Amerini 2005)
• De universalibus [1341/43] (ed. Amerini 2003)
• Tractatus de voce univoca (ed. Amerini 2005)
• Tractatus de prime et secunda intentione (ed. Mojsisch 2000)
• Tractatus de sex transcendentibus (ed. Mojsisch 2000)
• Tractatus de suppositionibus terminorum (ed. Amerini 1999/2000)
• many disputed questions (mostly unedited)

Gabriel Biel b. Speyer [Rhineland], before 1425; d. Einsiedel [Thuringia], 1495

Eclectic theologian

• Sentences commentary [mid-1480s on] (ed. Rückert et al. 1973-92)
• commentary on the Canon of the Mass [1488] (ed. Oberman and Courtenay 1963-76)
• Defensiorum obedientiae apostolicae [1462] (ed. and tr. Oberman et al. 1968)
• Quaestiones de justificatione (ed. Feckes 1929)

Gaetano, see Cajetan

Gentilis da Cingulo b. Cingoli [Marche]; d. before 1334

Arts master; prominent modist grammarian.

• questions on Priscian minor (ed. Martorelli Vico 1985)
• commentary on Martin of Dacia (ed. Alessio 1992)
• various treatises on the Ars vetus (unedited).

Geoffrey of Aspall (Galfridus de Hasphall) b. Suffolk; d. Gascony, 1287

Arts master at Oxford

• commentaries (unedited except where noted)
  • Metaphysics
  • Physics (twice) (Bks. III-IV of question-commentary ed. Trifogli, in Liber Quartus Physicorum)
  • De caelo (twice)
  • De generatione et corruptions (twice)
  • De anima
  • various parva naturalia .

Gerald of Odo (Gerardus Odonis, Guiral Ot, Odon, Eudes) b. Camboulit [S France], ca. 1285/90; d. Sicily, 1349

Franciscan theologian

• Sentences
  • first redaction [Toulouse ca. 1316] (unedited - only fragments extant)
  • second redaction [Paris, 1327-28] (unedited)
• Ethics commentary [1320s] (ed. 1482 etc.)
• quodlibet [Paris, 1333] on the vision of God (ed. and tr. [Fr] Trottmann 2001)
• Opera philosophica (ed. de Rijk 1997-)
  • various logical treatises (ed. de Rijk 1997)
  • De intentionibus (ed. de Rijk 2005)
  • various works on physics and metaphysics (ed. de Rijk in progress)
  • economic treatise De contractibus [ca. 1316] (ed. in progress)
• numerous biblical commentaries (unedited).

Gerard of Abbeville b. Abbeville [Picardy], ca. 1225; d. 1272

Paris theologian and leading critic of the mendicant orders at Paris.

• Contra adversarium perfectionis christianae [ca. 1269] (ed. Clasen 1938-39)
• twenty Quodlibeta [ca. 1260s]
  • four qq. on the mendicant controversy (ed. Teetaert 1951)
• various disputed questions
  • De cogitationibus (ed. Pattin, in L'anthropologie 1993, along with many quodlibetal questions)

Gerard of Bologna b. Bologna, 1240s; d. Avignon, 1317

Carmelite theologian.

• five Quodlibeta [first four, 1305-11; fifth, 1313/17]
• Summa theologiae [1313/17] - unfinished

Gerard of Siena b. Tuscany; d. 1336

Augustinian theologian.

• Sentences [Paris, ca. 1325] (Bk. I ed. 1598; Bk. II-III extant but unedited)
• quodlibetal questions [1330]
  • Tractatus de usuris et restitutionibus (ed. 1556)

Gilbert of Stratton d. ca. 1294

Oxford theologian.

• various disputed questions
  • on the eternity of the world (ed. Dales and Argerami, Medieval Latin Texts 1991)

Gilbert of Tournai (Guibert, van Doornik, de Tornaco) b. Tournai, 1200/10; d. Tournai, 1284/88

Franciscan theologian.

• various sermons and non-scholastic treatises
  • Rudimentum doctrinae [1259-68] (ed. in progress; part. ed. Gieben, in “Four Chapters” 1963)
    • De modo addiscendi (ed. Bonifacio 1953)
  • Tractatus de pace [ca. 1275]
  • Eruditio regum et principum [1259] (ed. de Poorter 1914)
• Sentences commentary has not been found

Giles of Lessines b. Lessines [SW Belgium], ca. 1230; d. ca. 1304

Dominican theologian and early Thomist.

• De unitate formae [1278] (ed. de Wulf 1901)

Giles of Orleans (Aegidius Aurelianensis) fl. 2 nd half of 13 th c.d. after 1277

Paris arts master

• various Aristotelian commentaries
  • De generatione et corruptione (ed. Kuksewicz 1993)

Giles of Rome (Aegidius Romanus, Egidius Colonna) b. prob. Rome, ca. 1243/47; d. Avignon, 1316

Innovative theologian and philosopher with Thomistic leanings

• Sentences [before 1271; books I-II were later revised] (Bk. I ed. 1521|1968).
• Apologia (ed. Wielockx 1985)
• De renuntiatione papae [1297] (ed. Eastman 1992)
• De ecclesiastica potestate [1301-2] (ed. and tr. Dyson 2004).
• Theoremata de esse et essentia [1278/85] (ed. Hocedez 1930; tr. Murray 1952)
• Theoremata de Corpore Christi [ca. 1274] (ed. 1481, 1554|1968])
• Contra gradus et pluralitatem formarum [1278] (ed. 1500|1982])
• De regimine principum (ed. 1556|1968]; part. tr. CTMPT 2)
• biblical commentaries
  • Song of Songs (ed. 1554|1968]; tr. Rotelle 1998)
• Q uodlibet
  • Italy, 1281 (ed. Bruni, in “Quaestiones” 1939-40)
  • second stay in Paris (ed. 1646|1966])
• various disputed questions (ed. 1503|1968).
• Errores philosophorum [ca. 1270] (ed. and tr. Koch and Riedl 1944) - attribution doubtful

Many Renaissance editions have been reprinted by Minerva (1966-70).

A critical edition in the early stages of progress.

Godfrey of Fontaines (Godefridus de Fontibus) b. Liège, ca 1250; d. 1306/9

Paris theologian and philosopher.

• fifteen quodlibetal questions (ed. 1904-37; X.6, XI.17, XIII.1 tr. CTMPT 2) [These are numbered in chronological order and run from Christmas 1285 until 1303/4. Generally, there is one from each year, with a gap of around five years between the last two
• various briefer, ordinary disputed questions (some edited in scattered books and articles)

Gonsalvo of Spain (Gonsalvus Hispanus, Gonsalvus of Balboa) b. Galicia, ca. 1255; d. ca. 1313

Franciscan philosopher and theologian.

• disputed questions [1302-3] (ed. Amorós 1935)
• Conclusiones metaphysicae (ed. Scotus, Wadding, 1639, vol. 4; Vivès 1892, vol. 6).
• Sentences commentary has not been found.

Gosvin of Marbais b. Marbais [Belgium]; fl. 1270s

Parisian grammarian.

• Tractatus de constructione [ca. 1270] (ed. Rosier-Catach 1998)

Gratiadeus Aesculanus (Giovanni Graziadei of Ascoli) fl. first half of 14 th c.

Dominican philosopher.

• Aristotelian commentaries
  • Ars vetus (ed. 1491 etc.)
  • Physics [both literal and questions] (ed. 1517 etc.)
  • De anima (unpublished)
  • De interpretatione (used in some editions to complete Aquinas's unfinished commentary)

Gregory of Rimini (Gregorius Ariminensis, de Arimino) b. Rimini, ca. 1300; d. Vienna, 1358

Prominent Paris theology master; the last great scholastic theologian of the Middle Ages.

• Sentences [1343-44] (ed. Trapp 1979-84) - only Books I-II circulated
• De usura (ed. 1508 etc.)
• a treatise on the cardinal virtues (unpublished)

Gualterus, see Walter

Guerric of Saint-Quentin b. Picardy; d. 1245

Arts master and Dominican theologian.

• quodlibetal disputations (ed. Principe 2002)
• various sermons and biblical commentaries
• Sentences (only excerpts edited)

Guillelmus, see William

Guy Terrena (Guido Terreni) b. Perpignan, ca. 1260-70; d. Avignon, 1342

Carmelite theologian. Works unedited except as indicated.

• six Quodlibeta
• disputed questions
  • De verbo
  • another set
  • six theological questions (ed. Etzwiler 1988)
• Sentences commentary (fragments)
• commentaries
  • Physics
  • Ethics
  • De anima (fragments, ed. Etzwiler 1974)
  • Decretum
• a treatise on papal infallibility (ed. Xiberta 1926)
• Summa de haeresibus (ed. 1631)

Guy Vernani of Rimini b. Vergnano [near Rimini]; d. ca. 1345

Dominican friar

• Commentaries (all unedited)
  • De anima
  • Ethics
  • Politics
  • Rhetoric
• De potestate summi pontificis [1327] (ed. Cheneval 1995)
• Refutation of Dante's Monarchia [1329] (ed. Matteini 1958; tr. Cassell, in Historical Studies 2004)
• Liber de virtutibus (ed. Cova forthcoming)

Henry Bate of Malines (Henricus Batenus) b. Mechelen [Belgium], 1246; d. Tongerloo (?), after 1310

Encyclopedist and astronomer.

• Speculum divinorum et quorundam naturalium [1285-1305] (part. ed. van de Vyver et al. 1960-)
• Nativitas [1280] (unedited)
• Magistralis compositio astrolabii (ed. 1485)
• commentaries on various Jewish and Arabic treatises of astronomy

Henry of Friemar b. Friemar [Thuringia], ca. 1245; d. Erfurt, 1340

Augustinian friar and theologian.

• De quatuor instinctibus (ed. Warnock and Zumkeller 1977)
• De decem preceptis (ed. Guyot 2005)
• various ascetic-mystical treatises (ed. Zumkeller 1975)
• a Quodlibet (unedited)
• a commentary on the Ethics (unedited)

Henry of Ghent (Henricus Gandavensis, de Gandavo) b. Ghent, ca 1217; d. 1293

Leading Paris theologian

• fifteen Quodlibeta
• Quaestiones ordinariae
• Questions on the Liber de causis (ed. Zwaenepoel 1974) [authenticity questionable]
• various lectures on the Bible (Opera vol. 36)
• commentaries on the Physics and Metaphysics (unedited) [authenticity questionable].

A critical edition is well underway (Opera omnia 1979-); parts of the Quodlibeta and Quaest. ordinariae not yet edited are accessible in reliable Renaissance editions (ed. 1518|1961 and 1520|1953]).

A growing number of translations are available: on political philosophy (tr. CTMPT 2); divine illumination (CTMPT 3); free will (tr. Teske 1993); God's existence and essence (tr. Decorte and Teske 2005); God's unity and simplicity (tr. Teske 2006).

Henry of Harclay b. ca. 1270; d. Avignon, 1317

English theologian.

• Quaestiones ordinariae [ca. 1312] (ed. and tr. Henninger 2008)
• Sentences commentary [ca. 1300, only Book I extant] (unedited).

Henry Hopton fl. 1350s-60s

Oxford arts master.

• Insolubilia (unedited)
• De veritate et falsitate propositionis (ed. in William Heytesbury 1494).

Henry of Langenstein (Henry Heimbuch, of Hesse) b. near Marburg, 1325; d. Vienna, 1397

Secular theologian.

• Sentences [prob. Paris, 1370s; subsequently revised] (Bks. II-IV ed. and [German] tr. Damerau 1979-80).
• various ecclesiastical treatises (mainly unedited)
• various brief philosophical–scientific treatises (unedited)

Henry of Lübeck fl. 1312-36

Dominican theologian.

• Quodlibeta [1312/25, prob. Cologne] (ed. in progress)

Henry Ruyn of Rostock (of Runen) fl. 1430s-40s

Erfurt master

• Disputata Metaphysicae [before 1438] (ed. Tabarroni 1991).

Henry Totting of Oyta b. Oyta [Lower Saxony]; d. 1397

Arts master and theologian.

• wide range of Aristotelian commentaries (unedited)
• questions on the Isagoge (ed. Schneider 1979)
• both a literal commentary and a question-commentary on the Sentences (both unedited).
• editor of a popular abbreviation of Adam Wodeham's Sentences commentary (ed. Major 1512).

Hervaeus Brito d. 1276 (?)

Master of arts at Paris. Perhaps to be identified with Hervaeus Sophista.

• several commentaries on the Ars vetus (unedited)
• brief Philosophia (ed. Lafleur, in “La ‘Philosophia'” 1994-95)

Hervaeus Natalis (Hervé, Harvey Nedellec) b. Brittany, ca 1250/60; d. Narbonne, 1323

French theologian and champion of Aquinas.

• Sentences commentary [1303-4; rev. 1309] (ed. 1647|1966])
• many Quodlibeta [1307-9] (ed. 1513|1966)
• Defensio doctrinae fr. Thomae [1303-12] (ed. Piccardi 1995)
• a large number of treatises on philosophical and theological topics, including
  • De intellectu et specie (ed. Stella, “La prima critica”)
  • De secundis intentionibus (ed. and tr. Doyle 2008)
  • eight others edited with the Quodlibeta
• various ecclesiastical treatises, including
  • De iurisdictione [1311] (ed. Hödl 1959)
  • De potestate papae [ca. 1319] (ed. with Sentences)
  • De paupertate Christi et apostolorum [1322] (ed. Sikes 1937-38; tr. Jones 1999)

Heymeric de Campo (van de Velde) b. near Eindhoven [Low Countries], ca. 1395; d. Leuven, 1460

Theologian and leading reviver of Albertism. Author of around fifty works ranging over philosophy, theology, and ecclesiastic politics.

• Problemata inter Albertum Magnum et Sanctum Thomam (Tractatus problematicus ) [ca. 1425] (ed. 1496 etc.)
• Reparationes totius naturalis philosophiae (ed. 1494)
• a large metaphysics handbook, the Compendium divinorum [1420-22] (ed. Korolec 1967-68)
• a treatise on the trinity, De signis notionalibus (ed. Hoenen 1998)
• a catalogue of one hundred 15th-c. theologies, the Centheologicon [after 1453] (unedited)
• a defense of Birgitta of Sweden's Revelationes [1434/35] (ed. Adman 2003).

A first volume of selected works has recently been published (ed. Imbach and Ladner 2001-).

Hugh of Lawton (Lanton) fl. 1320s

Dominican theologian at Oxford.

• Sentences [1326/30] (portions extant but unedited, save for excerpts in secondary sources)

Hugh of Novo Castro b. ca. 1280; d. after 1322

Franciscan theologian at Paris, a disciple of Scotus.

• Sentences in Paris [1307/17] (unedited), in two redactions.

Hugh Ripelin of Strasbourg b. Alsace, ca. 1200/10; d. 1268

Dominican theologian.

• Compendium theologicae veritatis [1265/70] (ed. in Albert the Great, ed. Borgnet vol. 34 etc.), a straightforward summary of early Dominican theology.

Hugh of Saint-Cher b. near Vienne, ca. 1190; d. Orvieto, 1263

Early Dominican theologian.

• Sentences [1229-30] (unedited)
• disputed questions [ca. 1230] (unedited)
• many biblical commentaries (ed. 1669 in 8 vols. etc.)
• an influential concordance on the Bible (ed. Lucas and Phalèse 1837 etc.)
• a Speculum ecclesiae on the mass (ed. Sölch 1940)
• a treatise De prophetia (ed. Torrell 1977)
• various sermons (unedited)

Hugolin of Orvieto (de Urbe Veteri) b. Orvieto, ca. 1300; d. Acquapendente [Viterbo], 1373

Theologian and philosopher. An Augustinian Hermit, sent to study at Paris ca. 1334-36. Lectured on the Sentences at Paris in 1348-49, becoming master of theology in 1352. In 1357 he directed the Augustinian studium in Perugia, and in 1364 he co-founded the theology faculty in Bologna, subsequently teaching there. Appointed general of the Augustianian Hermits in 1368 and patriarch of Constantinople in 1371. Principal work is his Sentences commentary (ed. Eckermann 1980-88). A commentary on the Physics is also extant [1352] (part. ed. Eckermann, in Physikkommentar 1972), as is a treatise De Deo trino [1372] (ed. Stegmüller, in “Tractatus” 1954) and various sermons (unedited).

Jacob, Jacques, see James

James of Ascoli (Jacobus de Aesculo) fl. 1310s

Franciscan theologian and follower of Scotus.

• various quodlibetal and disputed questions (part. ed. Yokoyama 1967)
• an incomplete Sentences commentary (unedited)

James of Douai (Jacobus de Duaco) fl. 1275

Master of arts in Paris.

• Aristotelian commentaries
  • both Analytics (unedited)
  • De anima (ed. Raedemaeker 1962),
  • the fourth book of the Meteorology (unedited)
  • the Parva Naturalia (unedited)
  • the Ethics (unedited) - attribution uncertain
• treatise on the soul's knowledge of itself (ed. Bazán 1969)

James of Lausanne d. 1322

Dominican theologian.

• Sentences [Paris, 1314-15], both a literal and a question commentary (both unedited)

James of Metz (Jacobus Mettensis) fl. ca. 1300

Dominican theologian.

• Sentences [perhaps at Paris, ca. 1300-1, and again ca. 1302-3] (unedited).

James's views would later be the subject of a short polemical treatise by Hervaeus Natalis (unedited).

James of Piacenza (Jacobus de Placentia, Jacques de Plaisance) fl. 1340s

Arts master at Bologna. Regarded as a proponent of radical Averroism.

• disputed questions (unedited)
• various commentaries on the logical curriculum (unedited)
• questions on De anima III (ed. Kuksewicz 1967)

James of Thérines b. Thérines [Picardy]; d. 1321

Cistercian theologian.

• two Quodlibeta from 1306-7 (ed. Glorieux 1958)

James of Viterbo (Jacobus Capocci) b. Viterbo, ca 1255; d. 1307/8

Parisian master of theology. Augustinian Hermit.

• four Quodlibeta [1293-97] (ed. Ypma 1968-75; II.20 and IV.30 tr. CTMPT 2)
• 32 Quaestiones de divinis praedicamentis [before 1296] (part. ed. Ypma 1983-86, with further questions appearing in Augustiniana 1988-).
• De regimine christiano [1301-2] (ed. and tr. Dyson 1995)
• Various other works survive, mainly unedited, including a series of disputed questions De verbo (quest. 1 ed. Scanzillo 1972).

Jean, see John

Johannes, see John

John Aurifaber ca. 1295-1333

Arts master and critic of modist grammar.

• Determinatio de modis significandi [1332] (ed. Pinborg, in Entwicklung 1967)
• Tractatus de demonstratione (unedited)
• sophism on dimensions (unedited)
• question on mixtures (unedited).

A distinct John Aurifaber served as master of arts at Paris in 1397; his only extant work is a few questions on the Physics (unedited).

John Baconthorpe (Baco, Bacconis) b. Norfolk, ca. 1290; d. 1345/52

Carmelite theologian.

• Sentences
  • an earlier version [Paris, prob. 1320-21] surviving in manuscript form (part. ed. Borchert 1974)
  • a later version [after 1325] surviving only in a printed edition (ed. 1618|1969 etc.).
• three Quodlibeta [the first two probably in 1323-25, the third, also in Paris, in 1330] (ed. 1618|1969 etc.)
• questions on canon law [ca. 1340] (ed. Borchert 1974)
• commentaries on the Gospel of Matthew [1336/37] and on Augustine and Anselm (all unedited)

John of Bassolis d. 1333

Franciscan theologian

• Sentences [Rheims, 1313; rev. ca. 1317] (ed. 1516-17)

John Blund b. ca. 1175; d. 1248

Early lecturer on the new Aristotle.

• treatise on the soul [ca. 1200/10] (ed. Callus and Hunt 1970)

John Bode (Bodi) fl. 1357

Benedictine monk and doctor of theology at Oxford.

• collection of twenty-two sophisms known by its incipit, A est unum calidum (unedited)

The John Bode listed as a fellow of Merton College in 1338 is probably a different man.

John Buridan b. Picardy, 1295/1300; d. 1358/61

Parisian arts master.

• Question-commentaries, often in multiple redactions, including
  • Physics (ed. 1509|1964) [critical ed. by Thijssen et al. in progress] [Question I.7, whether universals are better known than singulars, transcribed by Peter King]
  • Metaphysics (ed. 1518|1964) [critical edition by de Rijk in progress] [Questions V.6, V.8, V.9, VII.15 transcribed by Peter King]
  • De anima [critical edition by Zupko et al. in progress]
    • ed. Sobol [Bk. II only, from third redaction]
    • ed. and tr. Zupko 1989 [Bk. III only, from the third redaction]
    • ed. Patar 1991 [an earlier redaction]
    • ed. Lokert 1516 etc. [seemingly a mix of various redactions])
  • Questions on Porphyry (ed. Tatarsynski 1986)
  • Categories (ed. Schneider 1983)
  • De interpretatione (ed. van der Lecq 1983)
  • Prior Analytics [unpublished text edited by Hubien, posted by Peter King]
  • Posterior Analytics [unpublished text edited by Hubien, posted by Peter King]
  • De generatione et corruptione (ed. Streijger forthcoming)
  • De caelo (ed. Moody 1942).
  • Ethics (ed. 1513|1968; part. tr. CTMPT 2)
  • [the Politics commentary published under Buridan's name is not authentic]
• Summulae de dialectica (various part. eds.; the whole tr. Klima 2001), in nine large parts [the Latin of parts 1-8 scanned by Peter King]
  • the ninth being the Sophismata (ed. Pironet 2004; tr. Klima 2001 and Scott 1966), which also circulated as a separate treatise.
• Tractatus de consequentiis (ed. Hubien 1976; tr. King 1985).
• Many other commentaries and briefer treatises are extant.

John the Canon (Mambres, Marbres) b. Catalonia; fl. 1320s/30s

Master of arts at Toulouse.

• Physics commentary (ed. 1475 etc.).

His identity with John Mambres is supposed, but not certain.

John Capreolus (Jean Cabrol) b. Rouergue [France], 1380; d. Rodez [S France], 1444

Key figure in the Thomist movement.

• Defensiones theologiae divi Thomae Aquinatis (ed. Paban and Pègues 1900-8|1967).
  • The material on virtues from Bk. III is available in translation (tr. White and Cessario 2001).

John Chilmark d. ca. 1396

Mathematician and philosopher.

• At least eight extant works of logic and natural philosophy, in the Mertonian tradition, are ascribed to Chilmark (all unedited).

John of Dacia (Johannes Dacus) fl. 1280s

Master of arts at Paris.

• Summa gramatica [ca. 1280] (ed. Otto 1955)
• Divisio scientiae [ca. 1280] and De gradibus formarum (ed. Otto 1955)

John Dorp b. near Leyden; fl. 1393-1418

Logician, traditionally numbered among the nominalists.

• commentary on Buridan's Summulae [ca. 1393] (ed. 1499|1965 etc.),
  • tract 4 (on the properties of terms) is in fact a commentary on Marsilius of Inghen.

John Dumbleton b. Gloucestershire, ca. 1310; d. ca. 1349

Natural philosopher; one of the Oxford Calculators.

• Summa logicae et philosophiae naturalis [1340s] (unedited)
• Compendium sex conclusionum [1348] (ed. Weisheipl, in Early Fourteenth-Century Physics 1956; tr. Moody, in Rise of Mechanism 1950)

John Duns Scotus b. Duns [Scotland], 1265/66; d. Cologne, 1308

Franciscan theologian and philosopher.

• Sentences commentary
  • Lectura [Oxford, ca. 1298], Bks. I-III only.
  • Ordinatio [1300-4], including Bk. IV, but with gaps elsewhere. [The Wadding edition of Bk. IV (dd. 1-13, dd. 14-42, dd. 43-) - useful until the Vatican edition is finished.]
  • Reportatio parisiensis [1305-7], in multiple versions [The Wadding edition (Bks. I-III; Bk. IV) - useful until a modern edition is made.]
  • Additiones magnae compiled by William of Alnwick [1312/25]

At present, the Vatican critical edition (ed. Balic et al . 1950-) has completed the Lectura and is partway through the Ordinatio . For the Paris lectures, one must still consult the old Opera omnia (ed. Wadding 1639; ed. Vivès 1891-95), although a version of Bk. I is newly available (ed. and tr. Wolter and Bychkov 2004-).

• Quodlibeta [1306/7] (ed. Alluntis 1968; tr. Alluntis and Wolter 1975)
• De primo principio [ca. 1308] (ed. and tr. Wolter 1966)
• Collationes [1302-8]
• Theoremata [authenticity in doubt]
• Various question-commentaries on Aristotle [mostly from early in Scotus's career, with the exception of the Metaphysics, which mixes early and late material] (Opera philosophica, ed. Noone et al. 1997-2006)
  • Praedicamenta [scanned text from Peter King]
  • De anima
  • Isagoge [scanned text from Peter King]
  • Metaphysica [scanned text from Peter King]

Most of Scotus's work has never been translated, although useful collections are available on will and morality (ed. and tr. Wolter 1986); universals (tr. Spade, in Five Texts 1994); contingency and freedom (ed. and tr. Vos 1994), individuation (ed. and tr. Wolter 2005), as well as a general Philosophical Writings (ed. and tr. Wolter 1962|1987).

Extensive links to texts and translations are available at The Franciscan Archive.

Peter King has posted extensive translations of Scotus's views on individuation (Ordinatio II.3.2.1-6).

John of Erfurt (Erfurdensis, Alemannus, of Saxony) b. Saxony, ca. 1255; d. ca. 1320/40

Franciscan canon lawyer and perhaps theologian.

• Summa confessorum [1295; rev. 1302] (ed. Brieskorn 1981).
• Sentences [1294/1304] (unedited) -- may have been authored by a younger man by the same name.

John Hiltalingen of Basel b. Basel, ca. 1315; d. Freiburg, 1392

Augustinian friar and theologian.

• Sentences [Paris, 1365-66] (edition in progress)

John of Holland b. near Amsterdam; d. after 1371

Prague arts master.

• logical treaties:
  • Suppositiones (ed. Bos 1985)
  • Fallacie (ed. Bos 1985)
  • Obligationes (ed. Bos 1985)
  • Insolubilia (ed. Bos 1985)
  • Sophismata (unedited)
  • Consequentie (unedited).
• treatises of natural philosophy:
  • De motu (part. ed. Clagett, in Science of Mechanics 1959)
  • De primo et ultimo instanti [1369] (unedited)

John Huntman (Hunter, Johannes Venator) fl. 2 nd half of 14 th c.

English logician.

• Logica (ed. de Rijk 1999)
• Insolubilia (unedited)

John of Jandun b. near Rheims, 1280s; d. Todi [Umbria], 1328

Averroist master of arts

• question-commentaries on Aristotle:
  • Physics [ca. 1315] (ed. 1587|1969)
  • De anima (ed. 1587|1966)
  • De caelo (ed. 1552)
  • Metaphysics (ed. 1553|1966)
  • Parva naturalia (ed. 1505).
• disputations
  • De habitu intellectus (ed. Kuksewicz 1961)
  • De infinitate vigoris Dei (ed. Kuksewicz 1965)
  • De notioritate universalium (ed. Kuksewicz 1970)
  • De principio individuationis (ed. Kuksewicz 1963)
• treatises
  • on the agent sense (ed. Pattin 1988)
  • on the city of Paris (ed. Le Roux de Lincy and Tisserand 1867)

John of La Rochelle (de Rupella) b. La Rochelle, 1190/1200; d. 1245

Early Franciscan philosopher and theologian.

• Tractatus de divisione multiplici potentiarum animae [ca. 1233] (ed. Michaud-Quantin 1964)
• Summa de anima [ca. 1235] (ed. Bougerol 1995; tr. [Fr] Vernier 2001)
• Summae on the virtues, vices, the articles of the faith, and the ten commandments (all unedited)
• many biblical commentaries (unedited)
• sermons (part. ed. Lynch 1961)
• disputed questions on grace (ed. Hödl 1964) and other theological topics

John Lesage (Johannes Sapiens) b. Belgium; fl. 1300-11

Secular theologian.

• question on whether free will requires the will to move itself (unedited)
• a brief Quodlibet [1302] (ed. Glorieux 1958)

John of Mechlinia (Hulshot, de Malines) b. Malines [Antwerp], 1405; d. 1475

Albertist theologian and philosopher.

• Tractatus de homine (ed. Pattin 1977)
• commentaries on the old and new logic (unedited)
• De anima (ed. 1491 etc.)
• Parva naturalia (ed. 1491 etc.)
• De motu animalium (unedited)
• De divinis nominibus (unedited)
• Determinatio utrum perfecta Dei opera possint impediri daemonis malitia (ed. 1493)

John of Mirecourt (de Mercuria, Monachus Albus) fl. 1344-47

Cistercian theologian

• Sentences, Bk. I only [1344-45] (qq. 2-6 ed. Franzinelli 1958; qq. 13-16 ed. Parodi 1978; whole text ed. Parodi et al. on the internet
• replies to the censure against him (ed. Stegmüller 1933)

John of Murro (Johannes Minus de Murrovalle) b. Marche; d. Avignon, 1312

Franciscan theologian.

• Various disputed questions (unedited)
• fragments of a Sentences commentary (unedited except excerpts on free will in Longpré, “Oeuvre scolastique” 1947).

John of Naples d. ca. 1350

Dominican theologian.

• various Quodlibeta [ca. 1315] (unedited)
• disputed questions (ed. 1618; excerpt tr. CTMPT 2).
• defense of Aquinas, arguing that the Condemnation of 1277 does not affect his teachings, has been edited in his name (ed. Jellouschek 1925).

John of Nova Domo (Maisonneuve) d. 1418

Flemish arts master; taught in Paris.

• Tractatus de esse et essentia (ed. Meersseman 1933)
• Tractatus universalium (ed. Meersseman 1936)
• De universali reali [attribution in doubt] (ed. Weiler 1968)
• commentary on the Metaphysics [1413/18] (unedited)
• Commentum aureum super secundum partem Doctrinalis Alexandri [ca. 1405] (unedited).

John le Page (Pagus, Pago) fl. 1230s-40s

Early University of Paris master of arts and theology.

• logical work [ca. 1225-35]
  • commentaries on the logica vetus (all unedited except the Categories, ed. Franceschini 1934)
  • appellationes (ed. de Libera, in “Appellationes” 1984)
  • syncategoremeta (ed. Braakhuis, in Syncategorematische Termen 1979).
• Sentences commentary
  • reportatio (unedited)
  • corrected version (unedited).

John of Paris (John Quidort) b. Paris; d. Bordeaux, 1306

Dominican theologian and early Thomist.

• Correctorium ‘Circa' [1283/84] (ed. Müller 1941)
• Reportatio of his Sentences commentary [1292/96] (Bks. I-II ed. Müller 1961-64)
• Apologia [1296/99] (ed. Müller 1952)
• disputed question on whether being and essence are distinct [1296/99] (ed. Glorieux, in “La distinction réelle,” 1951)
• treatise on the Eucharist [1304/5] (ed. and tr. Martin, in “Eucharistic Treatise” 1975)
• De potestate regia et papali [1302/3] (ed. and [German] tr. Bleienstein 1969; tr. Watt 1971).
• at least one set of quodlibetal questions (ed. Heiman 1955)
• Quaestio de principio individuationis (Müller 1974)
• De modo existendi corpus Christi in sacramento altaris (ed. Pattin 1977)

John Pecham (Peckham) b. Patcham [Sussex], ca. 1230; d. 1292

Conservative Franciscan champion of Augustinianism.

• eleven sets of disputed questions (ed. Etzkorn et al. 2002)
• four Quodlibeta [1270-77] (ed. Etzkorn and Delorme 1989)
• treatise on the soul (ed. Melanus 1948)
• treatise on optics (ed. Lindberg 1972)
• Perspectiva communis (ed. and tr. Lindberg 1970)
• questions on the eternity of the world (ed. and tr. Brady and Potter 1993)
• treatise on poverty (ed. Kingsford et al. 1910|1969; ed. Wyngaert 1925)
• treatise on mystical numbers ( ed. Hughes 1985 ).
• Sentences commentary, Bk. I only [mid/late 1260s] (unedited).
• letters (ed. Martin 1882-85 in 3 vols.)
• various sermons, hymns, and poems

John Picardi of Lichtenberg d. after 1313

Dominican theologian.

• disputed questions [Cologne, ca. 1303] (ed. in progress).

John of Pouilly (de Polliaco) b. prob. near Laon; d. ca. 1328

Paris theologian.

• five Quodlibeta
• various disputed questions (unedited except for fragments in secondary literature)

John Quidort, see John of Paris

John of Reading b. ca. 1270; d. Avignon, 1346

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [survives in only one manuscript, which runs only to distinction 6 of book I] (prol. q. 2 in Brown, “Sources” 1966; prol. qq. 6-7, 10 in Livesey, Theology and Science 1989; I.2.2-3 in Etzkorn, “The Existence and Unicity of God” 1981; I.4.3.3 in Gál, “De necessitate specierum intelligibilium” 1969)

John Rigaud (Rigaldus) b. Limoges; d. Avignon, 1323

Franciscan moral theologian.

• Compendium pauperis [1311/17] (ed. 1501)
• Formula confessionis [1309/12] (unedited)

John of Ripa (de la Marche) b. ca. 1325

Innovative Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [ca. 1357]; only Bk. I has survived complete (prologue ed. Combes and Ruello 1961-70; d. 37 ed. Combes et al. 1967)
• Paul of Venice's abbreviation [before 1402] of the Sentences commentary (ed. Ruello 1980-2000)
• Conclusiones (ed. Combes 1957) [summary of Sent. comm.]
• Determinationes [1358] (ed. Combes 1957)
• Quaestio de gradu supremo [1354/55] (ed. Combes and Vignaux 1964)

John Rodington b. ca. 1290; d. Bedford, 1348

Franciscan theologian.

• Quodlibeta (unedited)
• Sentences commentary [prob. 1328-29], extant in two redactions (unedited)

John of Saint-German b. Saint-Germain [Cornwall]; fl. 1298-1320

Benedictine theologian.

• commentary on the Posterior Analytics (edited in Scotus's Opera; Vivès vol. 2 etc.).
• Sentences commentary [attribution uncertain] (unedited)
• disputed questions [attribution uncertain] (unedited)

John Sharpe (Scharpe) b. near Münster, ca. 1360; d. after 1414

Oxford theologian and philosopher.

• Quaestio super universalia (ed. Conti 1990).
• De anima (unedited)
• Physics (unedited)
• abbreviation of Scotus's Quodlibeta (unedited)
• several short philosophical and theological treatises (unedited)

John of Sterngassen d. before 1327

Dominican theologian.

• Sentences [prob. Paris in 1290/95, or perhaps later] (ed. Senner 1995)

John Tarteys fl. ca. 1400

Oxford arts master; realist follower of John Wyclif.

• Problema correspondens libello Porphyrii (part. ed. Conti 1990)
• various logical treatises, unedited except for his Obligationes (ed. Ashworth 1992)
• The Summa insolubilium edited under the name of John Wyclif is sometimes attributed to Tarteys

John Venator, see John Huntman

John Versor d. after 1482

Arts master and theologian.

• commentaries on almost all of Aristotle's principal works, as well as on Peter of Spain and Donatus minor. All are available in early printed editions.

John Wenck b. Herrenberg [SW Germany], ca. 1396; d. Heidelberg, 1459

Albertist philosopher and opponent of Nicholas of Cusa.

• De docta ignorantia [1442/43] (ed. and tr. Hopkins 1988)
  • Cusa's fierce reply is his Apologia doctae ignorantiae [1449] (tr. Hopkins 1988).
• Various brief treatises are extant but unedited, except for a Middle High German Büchlein von der Seele (ed. Steer 1967).

John Went d. 1348

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences [Oxford, 1336-37] (unedited).

John of Wesel (Vessalia) fl. mid-14 th c.

Parisian arts master.

• questions on the Ars vetus (unedited)
• questions on the Prior Analytics (unedited)
• questions on obligationes and insolubilia (part. ed. Spade, in “Three Questions” 1996; on web)

John Wyclif (Wycliffe) b. Wycliffe [Yorkshire], ca 1325; d. Lutterworth, 1384

Heterodox and influential philosopher and theologian; a leading advocate of metaphysical realism.

Wyclif's very extensive writings, in both Latin and English, have not yet been completely edited. Many of the Latin writings have been edited by the Wyclif Society (1883-1922, in 36 vols).

• De logica [ca. 1360] and Continuatio logicae [prob. 1360/63] (both ed. Dziewicki 1893 vol. 1, vol. 2, vol. 3)
• Summa insolubilium [1368-9] (ed. Spade and Wilson 1986)
• De ente in communi [ca. 1365] and De ente primo in communi [ca. 1365] (both ed. Thomson 1930)
• De actibus animae [ca. 1365] (ed. Dziewicki 1902);
• Purgans errores circa universalia in communi [1366/68] (ed. Dziewicki 1909)
• De ente praedicamentali [ca. 1369] (ed. Beer 1891)
• De intelleccione Dei and De volucione Dei [both ca. 1370] (both ed. Dziewicki 1909)
• Tractatus de universalibus [ca. 1368-69, or 1373-74] (ed. Müller 1985; tr. Kenny 1985)
• De materia et forma [ca. 1370-75] (ed. Dziewicki 1902)
• De trinitate [1371-74] (ed. du Pont Breck 1962).

Wyclif organized many of these shorter treatises – and other works yet to be edited – into a Summa de ente, whose structure scholars have had to piece together.

• Ivan Mueller is working on a new edition of the already published material from the Summa de ente.
• Ian Mueller and Vilem Herold have edited the De Ideis, which is forthcoming from Brill with a translation by Stephen Lahey
• Wlozimierz Zega is working on a critical edition of the De tempore

Beginning ca. 1373, Wyclif turned his attention increasingly to theological and ecclesiastical issues, including

• De civili dominio [1375/76] (ed. Poole and Loserth 1885-1904; part. tr. CTMPT 2)
• De ecclesia [1378] (ed. Loserth and Matthew 1886)
• De potestate papae [ca. 1379] (ed. Loserth 1907)
• De veritate Sacrae Scripturae [1377/78] (ed. Buddensieg 1905-7; tr. Levy 2001)
• Trialogus [1382/83] (ed. Lechler 1869) (Stephen Lahey is working on a critical edition and translation)
• De eucharistia (ed. Loserth 1892).

In addition to these academic Latin treatises, there are

• Latin polemical works (ed. Buddensieg 1883|1966)
• English works (part. ed. Matthew 1880|1978; Lindberg 1991).

For later English Wycliffite texts, see Hudson, Selections 1997.

Lambert fl. 1250s

• Logica or Summa Lamberti [1253/57] (ed. Alessio 1971), including
  • De propositionibus
  • De praedicabilibus
  • De praedicamentis
  • De postpraedicamentis
  • De sillogismo
  • De locis
  • De fallaciis
  • De suppositionibus et significationibus [tr. CTMPT 1]

Landulph Caracciolo (de Mazoriis) b. Naples; d. 1351

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary (Bk. II ed. Venice 1487)
• biblical commentaries (unedited)
• sermons (part. ed. 1637)

Ludolph Meistermann of Lübeck fl. 1390s

Logician, active at the universities of Prague and Vienna.

• De significatione propositionum [1392],
• sets of questions on supposition, appellation, and insolubilia [1393] (all unedited)

Marsilius of Inghen b. Nijmegen, ca. 1340; d. Heidelberg, 1396

Influential master of arts.

• Question-commentaries on Aristotle
  • De generatione et corruptione (ed. 1505|1970 etc.)
  • De anima (unedited)
  • Metaphysics (unedited)
  • Parva naturalia (unedited)
  • Ethics (unedited)
• Abbreviationes on the Physics (ed. 1521 etc.) [A question-commentary on the Physics printed under the name “Johannis Marsilius Inguen” [ed. 1518|1964] is not by Marsilius.]
• various logical treatises, unedited except for a treatise on the properties of terms (ed. and tr. Bos 1983)
• Sentences commentary [1392-96] (ed. Wieland et al. 2000)

Martin of Alnwick (Martinus Anglicus) b. Northumberland; d. Newcastle, 1336

Franciscan theologian.

• Various questions from his Sentences commentary are extant (unedited)

The logical treatises of “Martinus Anglicus” are now thought to be the work of a different, later author (see below).

Martin of Dacia (Dacus) b. Denmark; d. Paris, 1304

Philosopher and grammarian.

• De modi significandi [ca. 1270] (ed. Roos 1961)
• question commentaries on the ars vetus (ed. Roos 1961)

Martinus Anglicus fl. 1335/70

English logician.

• De veritate et falsitate propositionis (ed. de Rijk, in Some 14th Century Tracts 1982)
• De obligationibus (ed. Schupp 1993)
• Consequentiae (unedited).

His identification with Martin of Alnwick is now generally rejected.

Matthew of Aquasparta b. near Todi [Umbria], ca. 1238; d. 1302

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences [prob. 1271-72] (Bks. I, II, and IV are extant in a single autograph copy, unedited)
• Quodlibeta [1278-85] (unedited)
• many disputed questions, including
  • questions on illumination (ed. Quaracchi 1883)
  • on the soul (ed. Gondras 1957-61)
  • on the separated soul (ed. Quaracchi 1959)
  • on faith and cognition (ed. Quaracchi 1957; part tr. McKeon, Selections ; part. tr. Fairweather, Scholastic Miscellany)
  • on the production of things and providence (ed. Gál 1956)
  • on grace (ed. Doucet 1935).

Matthew of Bologna fl. 1270s

Master of arts, perhaps at Bologna.

• Quaestiones super modos significandi (ed. Rosier 1992)

Matthew of Gubbio fl. ca. 1333-47

Arts master at Bologna.

• various commentaries on the logical curriculum (unedited)
• various disputed questions on physics and the soul (ed. Kuksewicz, in Averroïsme bolonais 1965)
• perhaps a De anima commentary (ed. Ghisalberti 1981)

Matthew of Orleans fl. 1220s

Logician.

• Sophistaria or Summa communium distinctionum circa sophismata accidentium (ed. Spruyt 2001).

Meister Eckhart see Eckhart

Michael of Marbais b. Brabant; fl. ca. 1300

Master of arts at Paris.

• Summa de modis significandi (ed. Kelly 1995)
• Quaestiones super Priscianum minorem (unedited)

Michael of Massa b. Siena; d. prob. Paris, 1337

Theologian.

• Sentences commentary [prob. late 1320s] (Bks. I-II only, unedited)

Monachus Niger fl. 1330s-40s

Benedictine theologian whose proper name is uncertain.

• lectures on the Sentences [at Oxford or perhaps Cambridge, 1335-41] (unedited)

Perhaps to be identified with the Benedictine Johannes Normanus.

Nicholas of Amiens fl. later 12 th c.

French theologian.

• Ars fidei catholicae (ed. Dreyer 1993)
• Potentia est vis (ed. Dreyer 1993) [authorship uncertain]

Nicholas of Amsterdam (Nicholaus Theoderici) b. ca. 1388; d. Greifswald, ca. 1437

German arts master.

• Aristotelian commentaries (all unedited)
  • Ethics
  • Metaphysics
  • Physics
  • De anima
  • De caelo
  • De generatione
  • Meteorology
  • Parva naturalia .

Nicholas of Autrecourt (Ultricuria) b. Autrécourt [Lorraine], ca. 1298; d. Metz, 1369

Radical critic of Aristotelianism, condemned in Avignon and Paris.

• Exigit ordo (but more properly called the Tractatus utilis ad videndum an sermones peripateticorum fuerint demonstrativi ) [1330, later revised] (ed. O'Donnell 1939; tr. Kennedy et al. 1971). [The title 'Universal Treatise' is likely based on a misreading of the manuscript. Both the edition and the translation print the prologues and chapter 1 in the order they appear in the manuscript, without regard for the complex cross-references as to how that material is to be organized. As a result, these crucial parts of the text are virtually incomprehensible. Kaluza has shown how the material needs to be reorganized. I have cut and pasted and scanned the translation into the appropriate order. The precise order is as follows:
  ed.......................tr.
  198.18-203.18....59.1-66.27
  185.17-188.37....37.26-43.11
  203.19-206.22....66.28-71.14 [Kaluza secludes 203.35-48 / 67.7-24 as an interpolation]
  188.38-190.10....43.12-45.21
  206.23-28............71.15-21
  190.11-196.48....45.22-56.11
  
• letters to Bernard of Arezzo (two of nine have survived) [1335-36] and to a Master Giles (one brief and fragmentary letter) [ca. 1337] (ed. and tr. de Rijk 1994).
• a brief dispute on the intention and remission of forms [1336-39] (ed. with the Exigit ordo).

Nicholas Byard d. 1261

Famous preacher and moral theologian, variously described as a Franciscan or a Dominican.

• sermons (extant in many mss., but unpublished)
• Distinctiones (unedited)
• Summa de abstinentia or Dictionarius pauperum (ed. 1498)

Nicholas Bonet (Bonetus) b. ca. 1280, Touraine; d. 1343

Franciscan philosopher and theologian.

• Various studies of Aristotle
  • Categories (ed. 1505)
  • Metaphysics (ed. 1505)
  • Physics (Philosophia naturalis) (ed. 1505)
• Theologia naturalis (ed. 1505).
• Formalitates (ed. 1475), [authorship is uncertain]

Nicholas of Cusa (Cusanus, Cues, Krebs) b. Kues [Rhineland], 1401; d. Todi [Umbria], 1464

Innovative philosopher and theologian

• De concordantia catholica [1433] (tr. Sigmund 1991)
• De auctoritate praesidendi in concilio generali [1434] (tr. Bond et al. 1990)
• De docta ignorantia [1440] (tr. Hopkins 1985)
• Apologia doctae ignorantiae [1449] (tr. Hopkins, Debate 1988)
• Idiota de sapientia [1450] (tr. Hopkins 1996)
• Idiota de mente [1450] (tr. Hopkins 1996)
• De visione Dei [1453] (tr. Hopkins 1988)

Other philosophically interesting treatises are also extant (see the translations of Hopkins 1994, 1997-2000), as are many sermons and mathematical writings. The modern edition of Cusa's Opera omnia is now virtually complete (Heidelberg Academy 1932-, in 22 vols.).

Nicholas Drukken of Dacia d. ca. 1357

Paris logician.

• Tractatus de suppositionibus (ed. in Opera 1997)
• questions on the Prior Analytics (ed. in Opera 1997).

Nicholas of Normandy fl. ca. 1270

Paris arts master.

• a grammatical sophism Albus musicus est (ed. Ebbesen 1988).

Nicholas of Ockham b. ca. 1245; d. 1320

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [prob. 1280-82], extant in all four books (unedited)
• various disputed questions (ed. Saco Alarçón 1981, 1993).

Nicholas of Paris fl. ca. 1240

Arts master at Paris

• Summe de dialectica (Summe Metenses ) (part. ed. de Rijk, Logica modernorum II.1 1967) [authorship probable]
• Obligationes (ed. Braakhuis 1998)
• Syncategoremata (ed. Braakhuis 1979; part. tr. CTMPT 1)
• various commentaries on the ars vetus and on Priscian minor (unedited)

Nicholas of Strasbourg fl. ca. 1323-29

Dominican theologian and mystic.

• Summa philosophiae [ed. Suarez-Nani et al. 1990-]
• various theological writings, including a set of treatises and sermons in German (ed. Pfeiffer, in Deutsche Mystiker 1845-47|1962).

Nicholas Trivet (Trevet) b. Somerset, 1257/65; d. ca. 1335

Dominican theologian, historian, and classical scholar.

• various disputed questions and six Quodlibeta (part. ed. Hauke, in Die Lehre 1967, and in Dales and Argerami, Medieval Latin Texts 1991)
• historical chronicles and his commentaries on Boethius, Seneca, Livy, Virgil, and Augustine (available in a variety of editions).

Nicole Oresme b. near Caen [Normandy], ca. 1320; d. 1382

Leading natural philosopher of the later Middle Ages.

• Tractatus de confiurationibus qualitatum et motuum [ca. 1950] (ed. and tr. Clagett 1968)
• De proportionibus proportionum [ca. 1356] (ed. and tr. Grant 1966)
• De causis mirabilium [ca. 1370] (ed. and tr. Hansen 1985)
• Aristotle commentaries [late 1340s]:
  • De anima (ed. Patar 1995)
  • De generatione et corruptione (ed. Caroti 1996)
  • De caelo (ed. and tr. Kren 1965)
  • Meteorology (part. ed. and tr. McCluskey 1974)
  • Physics (ed. Caroti et al. in progress)
• Questions on Euclid's Elements [ca. 1350] (ed. Busard 1961).
• French translations with accompanying commentaries [1370s] of
  • Aristotle's Politics (ed. Menut 1970)
  • Ethics (ed. Menut 1940)
  • Economics (ed. and tr. Menut 1957),
  • De caelo (ed. and tr. Menut and Denomy 1968).
• De visione stellarum, a treatise on optics and atmospheric refraction (ed. Burton 2007)
• a treatise on money (ed. Wolowski 1864|1976).

Odo Rigaldus (Eudes of Rouen, Odon Rigaud, Rigaldi, Rigauld) b. Brie-Comte-Robert [Île-de-France], ca. 1205; d. Gaillon [Normandy], 1275

Early Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary (part. ed. Sileo 1984)
• various sermons (part. ed. Duval-Arnould 1976-77; Bougerol 1995)
• 16 disputed questions, including
  • De scientia theologiae (ed. Sileo 1984)
  • De libero arbitrio (ed. Lottin 1931)
  • De gratia (ed. Pergamo 1935)
  • De aeternitate mundi (ed. Dales and Argerami, in Medieval Latin Texts 1991).
• Odo's daily activities from 1248 to 1269 is preserved in his journal (ed. Bonnin 1852; tr. Brown and O'Sullivan 1964).

Oliver Brito fl. ca. 1250-60

Paris arts master.

• an introductory textbook, the Philosophia (ed. Lafleur and Carrier, in L'enseignement 1997).

Paul of Gelria (Paul Fabri) b. Saxony, ca. 1352; d. Cologne, 1404

German arts master and theologian.

• De conceptibus [1380s] (ed. Bos and Read 2001)

Paul of Pergula b. ca. 1400; d. Venice, 1455

Logician.

• Logica
• Tractatus de sensu composito et diviso (both ed. Brown 1961)
• Dubia super Consequentiis Strodi (ed. 1477 etc.)
• Sophismata asinina (ed. Pironet 1998)
• commentary on the ars vetus (unedited)
• commentary on William Heytesbury (unedited)

Paul of Perugia d. Paris, ca. 1346

Carmelite theologian.

• Sentences [Paris, 1344-45] (unedited except for excerpts in the secondary literature)

Paul of Taranto (Tarento) b. Taranto [S Italy]; fl. ca. 1260/1300

Franciscan alchemist.

• Summa perfectionis (ed. and tr. Newman 1991)
• Liber tam theoricae quam practicae veritatis in arte alkimica (ed. and tr. Newman, in Summa perfectionis 1986)

Paul of Venice (Paolo Nicoletti Veneto) b. Udine, ca. 1369; d. Padua, 1429

Eminent logician and natural philosopher.

• Summa philosophiae naturalis [1408] (ed. 1503|1974)
• Logica parva [ca. 1393-95] (ed. Perreiah 2002; tr. Perreiah 1984)
• Sophismata aurea [ca. 1399] (ed. 1493)
• Logica magna [ca. 1396-99] (ed. 1499; various modern part. eds. and trs.)
• commentaries on Aristotle
  • Posterior Analytics [1406] (ed. 1477|1976)
  • Physics [1409] (ed. 1499)
  • Metaphysics [ca. 1420-24] (unedited)
  • De generatione et corruptione (ed. 1498)
  • De anima [ca. 1415-20] (ed. 1504)
  • ars vetus [1428] (ed. 1494)

Peter of Abano (de Apono, Aponensis) b. Abano [Veneto], ca. 1250; d. 1315

Physician, philosopher, translator.

• Conciliator differentiarum philosophorum et praecipue medicorum [1303; rev. 1310] (ed. 1565|1985)
• commentary on the pseudo-Aristotelian Problemata [1310] (ed. 1501 etc.)
• De venenis atque eorundem commodis remediis [1303] (ed. 1537 etc.)
• Lucidator dubitabilium astronomiae [1303; rev. 1310] (ed. Federici-Vescovini 1988)

Peter of Ailly (Petrus de Alliaco) b. Compiègne [Picardy], 1350; d. Avignon, 1420

Progressive philosopher and theologian, associated with nominalism.

• Sentences commentary [1376-77] (ed. 1490|1968)
• Tractatus de anima [1377/81] (ed. Pluta 1987)
• treatise on Boethius's Consolation (part. ed. Chappuis 1993)
• treatise on concepts (ed. Kaczmarek 1980; tr. Spade 1980)
• treatise on insolubles [early 1370s] (ed. 1499 etc.; tr. Spade 1980)
• Imago mundi [ca. 1410] (ed. and [Fr] tr. Buron 1930)

Various treatises and sermons were collected in a Renaissance edition (1490|1971). A polemic against the modi significandi (ed. Kaczmarek 1980, 1994) has been wrongly ascribed to him.

Peter of Aquila b. ca. 1275; d. Agnone [Molise], 1361

Franciscan theologian, a follower of Scotus, for which he became known as the Scotellus or “Little Scotus.”

• Sentences [prob. in 1337-38] (ed. Paolini 1907-9 etc.)
• compendium of the Sentences (unedited)
• commentary on the Ethics (unedited).

Peter Auriol (Aureol, Aureoli, Oriel) b. near Cahors [ S France ], ca 1280; d. 1322

Innovative Franciscan theologian. Probably joined the Franciscan order before 1300 and subsequently studied in Paris. Lectured at Franciscan studia in Bologna in 1312 and Toulouse in 1314-16 before returning to Paris to study theology in 1316. Regent master from 1318 to 1320. Elected provincial minister of Aquitaine in 1320 and archbishop of Aix-en-Provence in 1321. Auriol's philosophical thought is extremely original but dense and difficult. His views were often discussed by subsequent authors, but almost always critically. His principal work is his

• Sentences commentary
  • first version, the Scriptum [1314/17], covers only Book I (ed. Rome, 1596; prol. and dd. 1-8 ed. Buytaert 1952-56; part. tr. CTMPT 3). It was begun in Toulouse and finished soon after his arrival in Paris [Rome ed. dd. 1-26; Rome ed. dd. 27-]
  • reportationes on all four books , surviving in various more-or-less revised redactions [1316/20] (Bks. II-IV ed. 1605). (The 1596-1605 edition is extremely unreliable, and work on a critical edition is in the early stages. See Russell Friedman for a report on the edition in progress, as well as further texts and bibliography.) [Rome ed. Bks. II-III; Rome ed. Bk. IV]
• Quodlibet [1320] (ed. 1605)
• Compendium sensus litteralis totius divinae Scripturae (ed. Seeboeck 1896)
• Tractatus de paupertate et usu paupere [1311] (ed. 1512)
• Tractatus de principiis naturae [1312] (unedited)

Peter of Auvergne (de Alvernia) b. Crocq [Auvergne]; d. Clermont-Ferrand, 1304

Parisian arts master and theologian.

• Commentaries on the
  • ars vetus (Categories ed. Andrews 1987; Isagoge ed. Tiné 1997)
  • Metaphysics (part. ed. Hocedez, in “ Quaestiones ” 1932; Monahan 1955)
  • Ethics (ed. Celano 1986)
  • Posterior Analytics (part. ed. Pinborg, in “A New MS,” 1973)
  • parva naturalia (ed. White 1986; De memoria ed. Bloch 2007; De brev. vitae ed. Dunne 2002)
  • De plantis (ed. Poortman 2003)
  • De caelo - Questions (Galle 2003).
  • Physics (perhaps, if a commentary traditionally ascribed to Siger of Brabant is in fact Peter's [ed. Delhaye 1941])
• Completions of Aquinas's commentaries, edited with his works:
• Politics (part. ed. Grech 1967; part. tr. CTMPT 2)
• De caelo
• Meteora
• sophismata (part. ed. Ebbesen, in “ Animal est omnis homo ” 1993)
• six Quodlibeta (unedited)
• fragments from his Sentences commentary (unedited)

Peter of Candia (Petros Philargis; Pope Alexander V) b. Crete, ca. 1340; d. Bologna, 1410

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences [Paris, 1378-80] (an electronic edition is well underway)

Peter Ceffons fl. 1350

Cistercian theologian.

• Sentences [Paris, 1348-49], extant in a single ms and unedited except for its introductory letter (ed. Trapp, in “Pierre Ceffons” 1957)

Peter of Falco fl. 1280s

Paris theology master, a Franciscan.

• fragments of his Sentences commentary (unedited)
• Quodlibet (ed. Gondras 1966)
• a large collection of disputed questions (ed. Gondras 1968)

Peter of Ireland fl. 1250s

Arts master at Naples in the 1250s. Traditionally identified as Aquinas's teacher at Naples in the 1240s, a thesis that is now in doubt.

• commentary on the De interpretatione (ed. Dunne 1996)
• commentary on De longitudine et brevitate vitae (ed. Dunne 1993)
• Questions on the Posterior Analytics (part. ed. Ebbesen and Pinborg, in “Studies” 1970) has also been ascribed to him.

Peter of John Olivi (Olieu) b. Sérignan [Languedoc], 1247/48; d. Narbonne, 1298

Controversial, iconoclastic theologian.

• Summa [ca. 1274-95] – not a Sentences commentary but a revised collection of various disputed questions (Bk. II ed. Jansen 1922-26; Bk. III ed. Emmen and Stadter 1981; some parts still unedited).
• A reportatio of his lectures on the Sentences [from his years in Florence] (unedited).
• Quodlibeta [1289-95] (ed. Defraia 2002)
• questions on logic [ca. 1285] (ed. Brown 1986)
• Tractatus de usu paupere [1281/2] (ed. Burr 1992)
• many biblical commentaries
  • Genesis (ed. Flood 2007)
  • Proverbs and Ecclesiastes (ed. Schlageter 2003)
  • Acts (ed. Flood 2001)
  • Gospel of John (part. ed. Pasnau 1993; part. tr. CTMPT 3)
  • Apocalypse [1296/97] (unedited)
• Epistola ad fratrem R . [1283] (ed. Piron et al. 1998)
• apologia pertaining to condemnation [1283] (ed. Laberge, “Tria scripta” 1935 and Fussenegger, “Littera septem sigillorum” 1954)

Peter of Mantua (de Alboinis) d. 1400

Logician.

• Logica (ed. 1477 etc.)
• De primo et ultimo instanti (ed. with Logica )

Peter of Navarre (de Atarrabia) b. Spain; d. 1347

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences [early 1320s, probably in Barcelona], only Bk. I is extant (ed. Azcona 1974)

Peter of Palude b. Bresse [E France], ca. 1275; d. Paris, 1342

Dominican theologian.

• Sentences commentary [1310-15] (ed. 1495 etc.)
• various sermons (ed. 1491 etc.).
• Tractatus de potestate papae [ca. 1317] (ed. Stella 1966)
• concordance to Aquinas's Summa theologiae (ed. 1552)
• several Quodlibeta (unedited)
• an extensive set of biblical commentaries (unedited).

Peter of Spain (Petrus Hispanus) fl. 1230s-40s

Renowned logician. Traditionally identified as the future Pope John XXI (see below), but now generally thought to be a Dominican friar. His precise identity remains in dispute.

• Summulae logicales or Tractatus [1230/45] (ed. de Rijk 1972; tr. Dinneen 1990; part. tr. CTMPT 1)
• Syncategoreumata [1235/45] (ed. and tr. de Rijk and Spruyt 1992)

Peter of Spain (Petrus Juliani; Pope John XXI; Petrus Hispanus Portugalensis) b. Lisbon, ca. 1205; d. Viterbo, 1277

Scholar and pope. His authorship of various works is contested: perhaps the author of

• two famous logical treatises (see above)
• the Thesaurus pauperum (on medical prescriptions ) and other medical works (ed. Pereira 1973; ed. Salmón 1998)
• one or more of three different works on the soul (ed. Alonso 1941-52)
• commentaries on pseudo-Dionysius (ed. Alonso 1957)
• commentaries on Aristotle's De animalibus (unedited)

Peter Sutton b. England; fl. 1310

Franciscan theologian.

• disputed questions [1308/11] (ed. Etzkorn 1964)
• Quodlibeta [1308/11] (ed. Etzkorn 1963)
• a question on the univocity of being [1308/11] (ed. Schmaus 1933)

Peter of Tarentaise (Pope Innocentius V) b. Isère [Fr Alps], ca. 1224; d. Rome, 1276

Dominican theologian, later pope.

• Sentences commentary [1256-58] (ed. 1649-52|1964)
• Quodlibet [1264] (ed. Glorieux 1937)
• various disputed questions (unedited, except for a question on the eternity of the world in Dales and Argerami, Medieval Latin Texts 1991)
• commentaries on Paul's letters (ed. 1478 etc., under the name ‘Nicolas de Gorram')

Peter Thomae b. Catalonia, ca. 1280; d. ca. 1340

Franciscan philosopher.

• Quodlibet (ed. Hooper and Buytaert 1957)
• De distictione predicamentorum [ca. 1320] (ed. Bos 2000)
• De ente (part. ed. Dumont, in “Univocity” 1988)
• De unitate minori (ed. Bos 2002)
• Bk. I of his Sentences commentary [1323/26] and several other philosophical treatises (unedited).

Peter of Trabes fl. 1290s

Franciscan theologian, probably Italian.

• Sentences commentary, which survives both as a reportatio of Bks. II-III [1294-96] and as an ordinatio of Bks. I, II, and IV [1297/1300] (all unedited)
• disputed questions (unedited)
• two Quodlibeta [1295-96] (unedited)

Philip The Chancellor b. Paris, ca. 1160s; d. 1236

Influential early theologian at the University of Paris.

• Summa de bono [1225/36] (ed. Wicki 1985; part. tr. Houser, in Cardinal Virtues 2004)
• a large collection of sermons (part. ed. Davy, in Sermons 1931)
• poetry, most of which survives in musical settings.

Pierre Roger (Pope Clement VI) b. Maumont [Corrèze], 1291; d. 1352

Benedictine theologian

• dispute with Francis of Meyronnes concerning the Trinity [1320-21] (ed. Barbet 1961).
• Sentences commentary [1320-21] has not been found

Prosper of Reggio Emilia b. 1270s; d. 1332/33

Augustinian Hermit and Paris theologian.

• Sentences commentary (prologue and Bk. I only) [prob. 1314-15] (unedited)
• various disputed questions [ca. 1313] (unedited)

Radulphus Brito (Ralph the Breton, Raoul de Hotot) b. ca 1270; d. ca. 1320

Prominent philosopher and logician, a leading figure among the modistae.

• questions on De anima III (ed. Fauser 1974)
• questions on Boethius's Topics (ed. Green-Pedersen and Pinborg 1978)
• questions on Priscian minor (ed. Enders and Pinborg 1980)
• questions on the ars vetus (ed. 1499)
• Sophismata (excerpts edited in various places)
• questions on the Isagoge (part. ed. Pinborg, in “Radulphus Brito” 1980).
• questions, unedited except for excerpts in the secondary literature, on
  • the Prior and Posterior Analytics
  • Sophistical Refutations
  • Physics
  • Meteorology
  • perhaps the Metaphysics .
• From his later theological studies, all unedited, there is
  • a Sentences commentary [1308-9]
  • a Quodlibet
  • Quaestiones in vesperis

Ralph Strode d. 1387

Logician.

• treatises [ca. 1359] known collectively as the Logica, consisting of
  • De arte logica
  • De principiis logicalibus
  • De suppositionibus
  • Consequentiae (ed. and tr. Seaton 1973)
  • Obligationes (ed. 1493-94 etc.)
  • De insolubilibus

Rambert de' Primadizzi of Bologna b. Bologna; d. Venice, 1308

Dominican theologian.

• Apologeticum veritatis [1286/88] (ed. Muller 1943) [the last of the Thomistic correctoria written in response to William de la Mare]

Raymond Lull (Llull) b. Majorca, 1232/3; d. Tunis, 1316

Idiosyncratic philosopher, theologian, mystic. Some 240 works are extant in Catalan and Latin (still more writings, in Arabic, have not survived).

• The most prominent philosophical works are those describing his novel method of inquiry, including
  • Ars demonstrativa [ca. 1283] (tr. Bonner 1985)
  • Ars brevis [1308] (tr. Bonner 1985)
  • as applied to Christian apologetics, in the Libre del gentili i dels tres savis [ca. 1275] (tr. Bonner 1985)
  • as applied to medicine, in the Liber principiorum medicinae [ca. 1276] (tr. Bonner 1985)
• Most of our biographical information comes from a contemporary anonymous Vida [ca. 1311] (ed. Batllori and Hillgarth 1982)

A critical edition of the Latin works is ongoing ( Opera Latina 1959-), although the older Opera omnia remains useful (ed. Salzinger 1721-40|1965). Many of the Catalan works are collected in Obres (ed. Obrador y Benassar et al. 1906-50), with a Nova edició de les obres in progress (ed. 1990-).

Extensive information about electronic texts can be found at the Ramon Llull Database.

Remigio de' Girolami (Remi of Florence) d. Florence, 1319

Dominican theologian, political theorist, and influential preacher. Most prominent works:

• Contra falsos ecclesiae professores [before 1298] (ed. Tamburini 1981), celebrating the authority and wisdom of the Church
• De subiecto theologiae [1297-99] (ed. Panella 1982)
• two political treatises, De bono communi [1302] and De bono pacis (both ed. Panella, in “Dal bene commune” 1985)
• De modis rerum (ed. Gavric 2007)
• a Quodlibet (ed. Panella 1983)

Richard Billingham fl. 1340s-50s

English logician and theologian.

• Speculum puerorum (also known by its incipit: Terminus est in quem ) (ed. Maierù 1970; ed. de Rijk, in Some 14 th -Century Tracts 1982)
• De consequentiis (ed. Weber 2003)
• De significato propositionis (unedited)
• De sensu composito et diviso (unedited).
• Parts of a later Sentences commentary also seem to have survived (unedited)

Richard Brinkley fl. 1350-73

English logician and theologian, a Franciscan.

• Summa nova de logica [1355/73], edited parts of which are
  • De propositionibus (part. ed. and tr. Fitzgerald 1987)
  • De insolubilibus (ed. Spade 1969)
  • De obligationibus (ed. Wilson and Spade 1995)
• Also extant are portions of his Sentences commentary (part. ed. Kaluza, in “ Oeuvre théologique” 1989)
• His theological Determinationes are now lost

Richard of Bromwich fl. 1300s

Benedictine theologian.

• Sentences commentary [1305/9], extant in a single autograph manuscript (unedited)

Richard of Campsall b. Campsall [Yorkshire], 1280/85; d. ca. 1330

Theologian.

• a series of twenty disputed questions on the Prior Analytics [ca. 1306] (ed. Synan. 1968-82)
• treatises on prime matter, divine foreknowledge , and universals [ca. 1318] (ed. Synan. 1968-82)
• His Sentences commentary [1316-17] is no longer extant, though it is widely cited by later English theologians.

The anti-Ockhamist Logica is now credited to an unknown pseudo-Campsall (ed. Synan 1982).

Richard of Clive fl. 1276-1306

Oxford theologian.

• Physics (unedited)
• Metaphysics (unedited)

Richard of Conington d. Cambridge, 1330

Franciscan theologian.

• several disputed questions (unedited)
• several treatises on apostolic poverty
  • one from 1312 (ed. Heysse 1930)
  • another from 1322 (ed. Douie, in “Three Treatises” 1931)

No record of his Sentences commentary has been found.

Richard of Ferrybridge (Feribrigge) fl. 1350s-60s

Logician and natural philosopher.

• Logica seu de veritate propositionum (part. ed. Del Punta, in “La Logica ” 1982)
• Consequentiae (ed. 1493; part. ed. Pozzi, in Consequentiae 1978)
• De motu (part. ed. Clagett, in Science of Mechanics 1959)

Richard Fishacre b. Exeter, ca 1205; d. Oxford, 1248

Early Dominican theologian.

• Sentences [ca. 1245] (ed. Rodler et al. 2003-)
• a treatise on heresies, Adnotationes in S. Augustini librum de haeresibus (ed. Long 1993)
• various philosophical quaestiones
  • on the eternity of the world (ed. Long, in “First Oxford Debate” 1998)
  • on the nature of light (ed. Long and Noone, in “Metaphysics of Light” 1998)

Richard Fitzralph (Armachanus) b. Dundalk [Ireland], 1295/1300; d. Avignon, 1360

Theologian

• Sentences [1327-28 or the following year] (unedited)
• Summa de quaestionibus Armenorum [1340s] (ed. 1512)
• various anti-mendicant treatises:
  • De pauperie Salvatoris [1357] (part. ed. Poole 1890)
  • Defensio curatorum [1350], which also circulated in Middle English (tr. John Trevisa [ca. 1380] 1925|1987)

Richard Kilvington b. Yorkshire, 1302/5; d. London, 1361

Philosopher and theologian, one of the Oxford Calculators.

• Sophismata [early 1320s] (ed. Kretzmann and Kretzmann 1990; tr. Kretzmann and Kretzmann 1990)
• questions on Generation and Corruption [before 1325] (unedited)
• questions on Physics [1325/26] (unedited)
• questions on the Ethics [1326/32] (unedited)
• a short Sentences commentary [ca. 1333-34] (unedited)

Richard Knapwell d. Bologna, 1289

Early English Thomist.

• Correctorium ‘Quare' [ca. 1283] (ed. Glorieux 1927)
• Quaestio de unitate formae [1285/86] (ed. Kelley 1982)
• various Quodlibeta and disputed questions [1284-86] (unedited)

Richard Lavenham b. Lavenham [Suffolk]; fl. 1399-ca. 1403

Logician, natural philosopher, and theologian. Credited with over 60 works, many of which are still extant but mostly unedited.

• In theology, best known for a list of heresies he drew from the works of the Wycliffite John Purvey [1400/3] (ed. Netter, Fasciculi zizaniorum 1858 [383-99]; tr. Foxe, Actes 1570 [649-53]).
• In philosophy, his logical writings have received the most attention
  • De syncategorematibus (ed. 1510 etc.)
  • various other brief works edited by Paul Spade (in “Treatises” 1973; “Five Logical Tracts” 1974; “Notes” 1975; “ Obligationes ” 1978; “Notes” 1980, “Treatise Scire ” 1984 [with G.A. Wilson]).
  • various extant works in natural philosophy (all unedited), including
    • Speculum naturalis philosophiae
    • Parvus tractatus de anima
• In Middle English, A Litil Tretys (ed. van Zutphen 1956) on the seven deadly sins.

Richard of Middleton (de Mediavilla, Menneville) b. ca 1249; d. Rheims, 1302/3

Franciscan theologian in the Augustinian tradition.

• Sentences commentary [ca. 1280; rev. ca. 1290?] (ed. 1591|1963)
• three Quodlibeta [1284-87] (ed. 1590|1963).
• A large number of disputed questions [early 1280s] (unedited except q. 13 [ed. Fidelis a Fanna 1874], q. 38 [ed. Vanni Rovighi, L'immortalita 1936]).
• De gradu formarum (ed. Zavalloni, La controverse 1951) is an important work in the dispute over the plurality of substantial forms.

Richard Rufus of Cornwall (Cornubiensis) b. Cornwall; d. after 1259

Franciscan theologian and philosopher.

• Two sets of lectures on the Sentences survive (both unedited)
  • the Oxford lectures [1250-53, Bks. I-III only] (tr. of I.42 by Storm)
  • a later lecture that builds on Bonaventure's commentary and which might date either from Paris or from his later regency in Oxford
• Contra Averroem [1236-37]
• Speculum animae [1245]
• various Aristotelian commentaries (authorship in doubt; all dating to 1235-38, assuming Rufus is the author):
  • Physics
  • Posterior Analytics
  • De anima
  • De generatione et corruptione
  • two on the Metaphysics

A critical edition of the whole corpus is in progress: to date only the Physics has been published (ed. Wood 2003).

Richard the Sophister (Ricardus Sophista, Magister Abstractionum) fl. 1230s/40s

Logician.

• a large collection of sophisms called the Abstractiones (unedited)

Various attempts to identify the author – most prominently, as Richard Rufus of Cornwall – have been met with skepticism.

Richard Swineshead (Calculator, Suisseth) b. Swineshead [Lincolnshire]; fl. ca. 1340-54

Leading Mertonian natural philosopher.

• Liber calculationum [ca. 1350] (ed. 1477 etc.)
• three brief treatises: De motu, De motu locali, and De caelo (unedited)

Robert Alyngton d. Leicestershire, 1398

Oxford philosopher and theologian, a proponent of metaphysical realism.

• commentary on the Categories (part. ed. Conti 1993)
• commentary on the Liber sex principiorum (unedited)
• treatises on supposition and on the genera of being (unedited)

Robert Bacon b. 1170s/80s; d. Oxford, 1248

Early Dominican theologian at Oxford.

• Syncategoremata [early in his career, authorship probable] (unedited)
• commentary on the Psalms (unedited)

Robert Cowton b. Cowton [Yorkshire]; fl. 1300-15

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [ca. 1309-11] (ed. in progress)

Robert Fland fl. mid-14 th c.

Logician.

• three short treatises (ed. Spade 1976-80) – Consequentiae, Insolubilia, and Obligationes – written between 1335 and 1370

Robert Graystanes (Greystones) b. Durham, before 1290; d. Durham, 1334

Oxford theologian and Benedictine monk.

• Sentences [ca. 1321-22] (unedited).
• perhaps the author of a chronicle of Durham for the years 1215-34 (ed. Raine, in Historiae 1839)

Robert Grosseteste (Lincolniensis) b. Suffolk, ca. 1170; d. Buckden [Cambridgeshire], 1253

Natural philosopher, translator, theologian, and influential bishop.

• works in natural philosophy from his years in Hereford [1196/1220] (ed. Baur 1912):
  • De artibus liberalibus
• De generatione sonorum
• De sphaera
• De impressionibus aeris
• on the Posterior Analytics [ca. 1228] (ed. Rossi 1981)
• on the Physics [ca. 1222-32] (ed. Dales 1963)
• works from Oxford [1225?/1231] (mostly ed. Baur 1912) [Peter King has scanned Baur's texts]
  • De veritate (tr. McKeon, in Selections 1930)
  • De veritate propositionis (tr. McKeon, in Selections 1930)
  • De scientia Dei (tr. McKeon, in Selections 1930)
  • De statu causarum, De intelligentiis, and De unica forma (all ed. Baur 1912)
  • De libero arbitrio (in two recensions) (not in Baur; 1st recension ed. Lewis, in “First Recension” 1991; 2nd recension part. ed. Lewis, in Time and Modality 1988; 1st recension part. tr. Lewis, in Time and Modality 1988)
• works written while lecturing to the Franciscans [1231-35]
  • Hexaemeron (ed. Dales and Gieben 1982; tr. Martin 1996)
  • various short treatises in natural philosophy, including De impressionibus elementorum , De lineis , De natura locorum , De iride , De colore , and, most importantly, De luce (all ed. Baur 1912; the last tr. Riedl 1942)
• various translations from Greek into Latin:
  • John of Damascus [ca. 1237]
  • pseudo-Dionysius (with commentaries) [ca. 1240] (Mystical Theology ed. and tr. McEvoy 2003)
  • Nicomachean Ethics [1246-47], together with translations of various ancient commentators on the Ethics, supplemented by Grosseteste's own glosses (part. ed. Mercken 1973-91)
• several biblical commentaries have been edited as the first volume of a projected Opera (ed. McEvoy et al. 1995).

Amazingly, there is an Electronic Grosseteste, with many texts and other resources.

Robert of Halifax b. Yorkshire, ca. 1300; d. after 1350

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [1333/40, Bks. I-II only] (unedited)

Robert Holcot (Holkot) b. Holcot [Northamptonshire], ca 1290; d. Northampton, 1349

Influential Dominican theologian and popular author.

• Sentences commentary [1331-33] (ed. 1518|1967 etc.)
• Sex articuli, or Quaedam conferentiae [1332] (ed. Hoffmann 1993)
• a set of Determinationes (ed. with Sent. commentary)
• quodlibetal questions [1332-34] (part. ed. Gelber 1983; Streveler et al. 1995; Courtenay, in “Revised Text” 1971 [tr. CTMPT 3]; Jensen, in “Killing Infidels” 1993; Kennedy, in Skeptic 1993; Molteni, in Dottrina della grazia 1967; Muckle, in “Utrum theologia” 1958).
• De imputabilitate peccati (ed. with Sent. commentary)
• De stellis (ed. Thorndike, in “New Work” 1957).
• Postilla super librum Sapientiae [1334-36] (ed. 1494|1974)
• Moralitates [late 1330s] (ed. 1505 etc.)
• Commentary on Ecclesiasticus [late 1340s] (ed. 1514 etc.)
• Sermo finalis [end of Oxford regency] (ed. Wey, in “ Sermo finalis ” 1949)
• his collected sermons survive in a single manuscript (unedited)

Robert Kilwardby b. 1215; d. Viterbo, 1279

Dominican philosopher and theologian, archbishop of Canterbury. Studied the arts at Paris ca. 1231-37. Served as arts master until ca. 1245, then joined the Dominican order, probably in England, and began studying theology at Oxford. Achieved his doctorate ca. 1256 and subsequently served as regent master from 1256-61. Elected Dominican provincial minister of England in 1261; consecrated archbishop of Canterbury in 1273. Entered into philosophical controversy as archbishop in 1277 by condemning 30 propositions, some quite clearly contrary to Aquinas's teaching. Appointed cardinal-bishop of Porto in 1278.

• commentaries from his years in Paris [before ca. 1245]:
  • Donatus (ed. Schmücker 1984)
  • pseudo-Priscian's De accentibus (ed. Lewry 1988)
  • Priscian minor (unedited) [but not Priscian major, as formerly thought]
  • perhaps sets of sophismata (unedited)
  • commentaries on the old and new logic (unedited except for Prior an. [ed. 1516|1968 etc.], as by ‘Giles of Rome')
  • Ethics I-III (unedited).
• From Oxford:
  • De ortu scientiarum [ca. 1250] (ed. Judy 1976; part. tr. CTMPT 1)
  • brief treatises [ca. 1256-61] De natura relationis (ed. Schmücker 1980), De tempore, and De spiritu fantastico (both ed. and tr. Lewry and Broadie 1987).
  • Sentences commentary [ca. 1255] (ed. Leibold et al. 1982-93).
• Two letters with substantial philosophical content survive from his last decade, to John of Vercelli (ed. Dondaine 1977) and to Peter Conflans (ed. Birkenmajer 1922)

Robert Orford (Erfort, Oxford) b. ca. 1250; d. after 1293

Early English Thomist and Dominican friar.

• Correctorium corruptorii ‘Sciendum' [ca. 1283] (ed. Glorieux 1956)
• Contra dicta Fr. Aegidii Romani [1288/92] (ed. Vella 1968)
• Contra dicta Magistri Henrici de Gandavo [1289/93] (unedited).
• the likely author of the pseudo-Aquinian De natura materiae (ed. with works of Aquinas in Spiazzi 1954 etc.)

Robert Walsingham b. prob. Norfolk; d. after 1312

Carmelite theologian.

• two Quodlibeta [1312-13] (unedited)
• excerpts from his earlier Quaestiones ordinariae and Sentences commentary (unedited)

Robertus Anglicus

Many 13 th -c. texts are attributed to a “Robert the Englishman,” and it is often difficult to distinguish the different authors.

• Sophistria [1260/70] (ed. Grondeux and Rosier-Catach 2006), a collection of grammatical sophisms,
• perhaps the same Robert is the author of a Lectura super Priscianum minorem (unedited)
• An unedited mid-13th c. commentary on the Ars vetus is associated with a different Robertus Anglicus (see Piché, Le problème des universaux 2005)
• two commentaries on Peter of Spain [1250/70] (ed. Ebbesen and Rosier, in “Two Roberts” 1997) are associated with still two more men by this name, although it is not clear that either of the two is in fact English (see Ebbesen and Rosier, “Robertus Anglicus” 2000).

There is also an astronomer by this name [fl. ca. 1271] (see ODNB [Pedersen]), and moreover Robert Kilwardy is often so-called (see Lewry, “Robertus Anglicus” 1982).

Roger Bacon b. Somerset, ca. 1214/20; d. England, ca. 1292

Natural philosopher.

• two sets of questions on the Physics (ed. Steele 1909-40)
• two sets of questions on the Metaphysics (ed. Steele 1909-40)
• questions on the Liber de causis (ed. Steele 1909-40)
• Summulae dialectices [ca. 1250] (ed. de Libera 1986-87)
• Summa grammatica (ed. Steele 1940)
• Summa de sophismatibus et distinctionibus [1240s] (ed. Steele 1937)
• Perspectiva (ed. and tr. Lindberg 1996) [ca. 1266]
• De multiplicatione specierum (ed. and tr. Lindberg 1983) [ca. 1266]
• Opus Maius [1267] (ed. Bridges 1897-1900|1964 [pt. III ed. Fredborg et al. 1978]; tr. Burke 1928)
• Opus minus (ed. Brewer 1859|1965)
• Opus tertium (both ed. Brewer 1859|1965)
• Communia naturalium (ed. Steele 1909-40)
• Communia mathematica [ca. 1270] (ed. Steele 1909-40)
• Compendium studii philosophiae (ed. Brewer 1859|1965)
• Greek and Hebrew grammars (ed. Nolan and Hirsch 1902)
• writings on moral philosophy (ed. Massa 1953)
• an incomplete Compendium studii theologiae [1292] (ed. and tr. Mahoney 1988)
• writings on universals (tr. Maloney 1989)

Roger Marston b. England, ca. 1235; d. Norwich, 1303

Franciscan theologian in the Augustinian tradition

• three sets of disputed questions (ed. van de Woestyne et al. 1932)
• four Quodlibeta (ed. Etzkorn and Brady 1994) [both 1282-84]

Roger Nottingham d. after 1358

Franciscan theologian

• Insolubilia [1343] (ed. Synan 1964)
• Introitus ad Sententias (ed. Synan 1963)

Roger Roseth (Rosetus) fl. 1330s

English Franciscan theologian.

• lectures on the Sentences [Oxford, mid-1330s] (qq. 3-5 ed. Hallamaa 2005)

Roger Swineshead (Swyneshed, Suisseth) b. Swineshead [Lincolnshire]; d. ca. 1365

Natural philosopher in the Mertonian tradition.

• Insolubilia [1330s] (ed. Spade 1979)
• Obligationes [1330s] (ed. Spade 1977)
• De motibus naturalibus (unedited)

Roger Whelpdale d. London, 1423

Oxford philosopher, a proponent of metaphysical realism.

• commentary on Porphyry (unedited)
• commentary on Posterior Analytics I (unedited)
• De universalibus (part. ed. Conti 1990)

Roland of Cremona b. 1178; d. Bologna, 1259

Early Dominican theologian.

• Summa of theology [1228] (prologue ed. Cremascoli, in “La ‘Summa'” 1975; Bk. III ed. Cortesi 1962)

Servais of Mont-Saint-Eloi (Gervais) d. 1313/4

Theologian.

• quodlibetal questions [1280s] (unedited), focused largely on moral and canon law issues

Servasanto of Faenza b. near Faenza, 1220/30; d. Florence, ca. 1300

Preacher and moral theologian.

• Liber de exemplis naturalibus (unedited)
• Liber de virtutibus et vitiis (unedited)
• Summa de poenitentia or Antidotarium animae (ed. 1485)

Siger of Brabant b. Low Countries, ca. 1240; d. Orvieto, 1282/4

Controversial arts master, a leading figure among the so-called Latin Averroists.

• several sophismata (ed. Bazán 1974)
• a set of Quaestiones logicales (ed. Bazán 1974)
• a treatise on Impossibilia (ed. Bazán 1974)
• commentary on De anima III [ca. 1265] (ed. Bazán 1972)
• commentary on the De generatione (ed. Bazán 1974)
• commentary on the Physics (ed. Zimmermann, in Bazán 1974)
• commentary on the Metaphysics [ca. 1273/75] (in four mss., representing four distinct reportationes , ed. Dunphy 1981; Maurer 1983)
• commentary on the Liber de causis [1274/76] (ed. Marlasca 1972)
• De necessitate et contingentia causarum (ed. Duin, La doctrine de la providence 1954)
• De aeternitate mundi [ca. 1272] (ed. Bazán 1972; tr. Vollert et al. 1964)
• De anima intellectiva [ca. 1271] (ed. Bazán 1972)

Siger of Courtrai b. ca. 1280; d. 1341

Logician and grammarian.

• Summa modorum significandi (ed. Pinborg 1977)
• Sophismata (ed. Pinborg 1977)
• a treatise Ars priorum (ed. Wallerand 1913)
• fragments on fallacies (ed. Wallerand 1913)
• a commentary on the De interpretatione (ed. Verhaak 1964)

Simon of Dacia fl . 1260s

Modist grammarian, seemingly a member of the arts faculty at Paris

• Domus gramatice [1255/70] (ed. Otto 1963)
• questions on Priscian minor [1260/1270] (ed. Otto 1963)

Simon of Faversham (Simon Anglicus) b. Kent, prob. 1340s; d. Avignon, 1306

Philosopher and theologian.

• A large number of commentaries:
  • Isagoge (ed. Mazzarella 1957)
  • Categories (ed. Mazzarella 1957)
  • De interpretatione (ed. Mazzarella 1957)
  • Sophistical Refutations [ca. 1280] (ed. Ebbesen et al. 1984)
  • De anima III (part. ed. Sharp 1934)
  • the Physics (unedited)
  • the Metaphysics (unedited).
  • on Priscian (unedited)
  • on Peter of Spain's Summulae logicales (unedited)
• A sophism is also extant (ed. Yokoyama, in “Universale est intentio” 1969)

Simon of Hinton fl. 1248-62

Oxford Dominican theologian.

• various questions from his theological study at Oxford (unedited)
• various biblical commentaries (unedited)
• Summa iuniorum [prob. after 1261] (ed. 1706), a compendium of essential Christian doctrines and morals

Stephen of Rieti (de Reate) fl. 1340s

Dominican philosopher, advocate of metaphysical realism.

• Tractatus de universalibus (ed. Amerini 2003)
• a commentary on the Ars vetus [ca. 1343] (part. ed. with the De univ. )
• treatises De secundis intentionibus and De ente reali et rationis (both ed. de Rijk, in Gerald of Odo, Opera philosophica 2005)

Thaddeus of Parma d. 1341

Master of arts at Bologna and Siena

• questions on the De anima [ca. 1320] (Bk. III ed. Vanni Rovighi 1951), which are simply a summary of John of Jandun's questions
• a few questions on the Metaphysics (unedited)
• a question on necessity (ed. Cheneval, in “ Utrum omnia ” 1988)
• an Expositio super theoricam planetarum [ca. 1318] (unedited)

Themon Judaeus b. Münster; fl. 1349-60

Paris arts master, in the circle of John Buridan.

• questions on Aristotle's Meteorology (ed. 1516 etc.)
• a commentary on Sacrobosco's Sphere (ed. Hugonnard-Roche 1973)
• a set of questions on the motion of the moon [1350] (ed. Hugonnard-Roche 1973)

Thomas Aquinas (d'Aquino) b. Roccasecca [Italy], 1224/5; d. Fossanova, 1274

Philosopher and theologian.

• major theological syntheses:
  • Sentences commentary [1252-56] (ed. Mandonnet and Moos through IV.22; no translation)
  • Summa contra gentiles [1259-65]
  • Summa theologiae [1266-73], the third and last part of which was never completed, and which was “supplemented” (from q. 90) soon after his death by parts of the Sentences commentary.
• disputed questions
  • De veritate [1256-59]
  • De potentia [1265-66]
  • De anima [1265-66]
  • De spiritualibus creaturis [1267-68]
  • De malo [1269-71]
  • De virtutibus [1271-72]
  • Quodlibeta [VII-XI from 1256-59; I-VI and XII from 1268-72]
• Aristotelian commentaries, a project he began in 1267 and which extends to nearly all of Aristotle's major philosophical works. (There are also commentaries on Boethius's De trinitate [ca. 1258] and De hebdomadibus , on pseudo-Dionysius's De divinis nominibus [1260s], and on the Liber de causis [1272].)
• extensive biblical commentaries, including
  • Job [1261-65]
  • the Gospels [1264, 1269-72]
  • Paul's letters [1265-73]
• shorter treatises, including
  • De principiis naturae [ca. 1252]
  • De ente et essentia [ca. 1254]
  • De regimine principum (De regno) [ca. 1267]
  • De unitate intellectus [1270]
  • De aeternitate mundi [1271].

Except where noted, all are available in the critical Leonine edition (ed. 1882-), and all are available in searchable form, along with much else, at the Corpus Thomisticum.

Except where noted, they have been translated into English (see Thérèse Bonin's bibliography).

Thomas of Bailly b. Bailly [near Versailles]; d. 1328

Secular master of theology at Paris.

• six Quodlibeta [1301-7] (ed. Glorieux 1960)

Thomas Bradwardine b. England, ca. 1300; d. Canterbury, 1349

Influential philosopher, theologian, and mathematician.

• Tractatus de proportionibus velocitatum in motibus [1328] (ed. and tr. Crosby 1955).
• De insolubilibus [1322/25] (ed. Roure 1970; ed. and tr. Read forthcoming)
• De incipit et desinit [1322/25] (ed. Nielsen 1982)
• Geometria speculativa [1322/25] (ed. and tr. Molland 1989)
• Arithmetica speculativa [1322/25] (ed. 1495)
• Opus artis logicae [1322/25] (ed. Pinborg 1982)
• De continuo [1328/35] (ed. Murdoch 1957)
• fragments from his Sentences commentary [ca. 1333] (unedited)
• De futuris contingentibus [perhaps from Sent.] (ed. Genest 1979)
• a sermon celebrating God's providence [1346] (ed. Oberman and Weisheipl 1958)
• De causa Dei contra Pelagium et de virtute causarum ad suos Mertonenses [1344] (ed. 1618|1964)

A treatise on consequences seems unlikely to be his (ed. Green-Pedersen, in “Bradwardine (?)” 1982)

Thomas Buckingham b. prob. Buckinghamshire; d. 1349

English theologian.

• Sentences commentary [by 1338] (ed. 1505)
• Quaestiones theologicae (Ostensio meriti liberae actionis ) [ca. 1347] (q. 1 ed. Genest, in Prédétermination 1992), a response to Thomas Bradwardine's De causa Dei

Thomas of Cantimpré (Brabantinus, van Belleghem, Cantimpratensis) b. near Brussels, ca. 1201; d. 1270/72

Encyclopedist, hagiographer.

• Liber de natura rerum [1230-44] (ed. Boese 1973), an encyclopedia in 20 books ranging widely over the natural sciences
• Bonum universale de apibus (ed. and [Fr] tr. Platelle 1997)
• various hagiographical writings (available in translation)

Thomas of Cleves (Thomas Zeghenans, de Berca, de Clivis) b. Kleve [Saxony], ca. 1340; d. Kleve, 1412

Philosopher in the tradition of John Buridan and Albert of Saxony.

• De conceptibus [1370s] (ed. Bos and Read 2001)
• a partial Logica (ed. Bos, in Logica modernorum 2004)

Thomas of Erfurt (de Erfordia) fl. early 1300s

Logician and grammarian.

• Tractatus de modis significandi seu Grammatica speculativa [before 1310] (ed. Bursill-Hall 1972) [until 1922 it was thought to be the work of Scotus]
• commentaries on the ars vetus (unedited)
• a very brief collection of mnemonic verses for teaching grammar to schoolboys (ed. Gansiniec 1960)

Thomas Manlevelt (Manlefelt, Maulfelt) fl. 1320s-30s

English logician, associated with nominalism.

• De suppositionibus (ed. in progress)
• De consequentiis (ed. in progress)
• De confusionibus (ed. in progress)
• Quaestiones super veteri arte (unedited)

.

Thomas of Strasbourg (Strassburg, de Argentina) b. Haguenau [Alsace]; d. Vienna, 1357

Theologian. Augustinian hermit.

• Sentences commentary [1330s] (ed. 1490|1989 etc.)

Thomas of Sutton (Thomas Anglicus) b. Yorkshire, ca. 1250; d. after 1315

Early Thomist.

• Quaestiones ordinariae (ed. Schneider 1977)
• four Quodlibeta [1290s] (ed. Schmaus and Gonzalez-Haba 1969)
• Contra quodlibet (ed. Schneider 1978), against Scotus
• a critique of Robert Cowton's Sentences commentary [after 1312] (unedited)
• Various opuscula, sometimes confused with Aquinas's own, including
  • De instantibus (ed. Aquinas, Opera 1852-73, vol. 16)
  • Contra pluralitatem formarum [1284] (ibid., vol. 17)
  • De esse et essentia (ed. Senko 1970)
  • De productione formarum substantialium (ed. Wlodek 1979)
• commentary on the Categories [1270s] (part. ed. Conti, in “Commentary” 1985)
• commentary on Metaphysics VII (unedited) - perhaps authentic
• continuations of Aquinas's unfinished commentaries on
  • De generatione et corruptione (ed. Kelley 1976)
  • De interpretatione (unedited)

Probably not by Sutton is the Liber propugnatorius super primum Sententiarum contra Johannem Scotum [1311/23] (ed. 1523|1966; part. ed. Schmaus 1930).

Thomas Waleys fl. 1318-40

English Dominican theologian.

• commentary on Augustine's City of God (various Renaissance editions)
• commentarty on Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy (various Renaissance editions).
• De modo componendi sermones [ca. 1340] (ed. Charland, in Artes praedicandi 1936)

Thomas Wylton (Wilton) fl. ca. 1288-1322

Philosopher, theologian.

• questions on the Physics [before 1304] (unedited)
• questions on the De anima [before 1304] (unedited)
• one Quodlibet [1315/16] (almost entirely edited in various recent papers)
• various disputed questions (unedited)

Thomas of York (de Eboraco) b. ca. 1220; d. before 1269

Franciscan theologian.

• Sapientale [1250s] (unedited)
• Manus quae contra omnipotentem [1253/6] (ed. Bierbaum 1920)

Thuo of Viborg (Thuo Nicholai de Vibergia) b. Dacia; d. Lund, 1472

Master of arts and theology at Erfurt.

• Disputata metaphysicae [1438-39] (ed. Tabarroni 1998)
• De pluralitate formarum (ed. Ebbesen 1998)

Ulrich of Strasbourg (de Argentina) b. Strasbourg, ca. 1220; d. Paris, 1277

Dominican theologian and philosopher, heavily influenced by Neoplatonism.

• Liber de summo bono ( Summa de bono ) [1265-72] (ed. Mojsisch et al. 1989)

Vincent of Beauvais (Bellovacensis) b. Beauvais [Picardy], ca. 1190; d. near Beauvais, ca. 1264

Encyclopedist. Among the first generation of Dominican friars.

• Speculum maius [fin. ca. 1260] (ed. Douai 1624|1964-65), in three parts: Speculum naturale, Speculum doctrinale, and Speculum historiale
  • with a prefatory Libellus apologeticus (ed. von den Brincken, in “Geschichtsbetrachtung” 1978).
• De eruditione filiorum nobilium [1247/50] (ed. Steiner 1938|1970)
• De morali principis institutione [1260/62] (ed. Schneider 1995)
• Liber consolatorius pro morte amici (ed. Amerbach 1481)
• Liber gratiae (ed. Amerbach 1481)

Vincent Ferrer b. Valencia, 1350; d. Vannes [Brittany], 1419

Dominican philosopher and preacher.

• sermons in Catalan (ed. Sanchis y Sivera and Schib 1971-)
• Tractatus de suppositionibus (ed. Trentman 1977)
• Quaestio de unitate universalis (ed. Trentman 1982)
• Tractatus de vita spirituali (ed. Rousset 1899; tr. 1957)
• other sermons and treatises (ed. Fages 1909)

Vital Du Four (Vitalis de Furno) b. Bazas [Aquitaine], ca 1260; d. Avignon, 1327

Franciscan philosopher and theologian. Became

• Sentences commentary [1295-96] (unedited)
• three Quodlibeta [1296-1300] (ed. Delorme 1947)
• De rerum principio [1292-95] (ed. Wadding 1891)
• De cognitione (ed. Delorme 1927)
• Speculum morale totius Sacrae Scripturae [1305] (ed. 1513 etc.)
• commentary on the Apocalypse (ed. Bonelli 1773)

Walter of Ailly (Gualterus de Alliaco) fl. 13 th c.

• sophisms
  • two logical (unedited)
  • one grammatical (ed. Rosier 1989)

Walter of Bruges b. Zande [W Flanders], ca. 1225; d. Poitiers, 1307

Franciscan theologian.

• All but Bk. III of his Sentences commentary is extant (unedited except for excerpts), with Bk. I seemingly a later redaction [shortly after 1270]
• various disputed questions [1267-68] (ed. Longpré 1928)

Walter Burley (Burleigh) b. England, 1274/75; d. 1344/45

Philosopher and logician, an influential advocate of metaphysical realism. Began studying the arts at Oxford ca. 1296; master of arts by 1301; fellow of Merton College in 1305. Left for Paris in 1307/9 to study theology, receiving his doctorate by 1323. (His Sentences commentary is not extant.) Returned to England in 1327, where he entered into royal service, leaving his academic career behind. Joined Richard Bury's household in Durham from 1334-40. Spent his last few years abroad, in Italy and southern France.

• Questions on Aristotle:
  • De anima III [1301] (ed. Synan 1997)
  • De interpretatione [in 1301 and again before 1310] (ed. Brown 1974, 1973)
  • Posterior Analytics [before 1310] (ed. Sommers 2000)
  • De generatione [ca. 1307] (ed. Gensler 2007)
  • Categories [before 1310] (unedited).
• are a series of logical treatises [ca. 1302]
  • De suppositionibus (ed. Brown 1972) (part. tr. Spade)
  • De exclusivis (ed. de Rijk 1985)
  • De exceptivis (ed de Rijk 1986)
  • De consequentiis (ed. Green-Pedersen 1980)
  • De insolubilibus (ed. Roure 1970)
  • De obligationibus (ed. Green 1963; part. tr. CTMPT 1)
• commentaries on
  • Topics (unedited)
  • De anima (unedited)
  • Physics (unedited),
  • Physics [after 1324] (ed. 1501|1972)
• treatises from the 1320s:
  • De potentiis animae (ed. Kitchel 1971)
  • De primo et ultimo instanti (ed. Shapiro 1965)
  • De formis (ed. Scott 1970)
  • De relativis (ed. Shapiro and Kiteley 1962)
  • De intensione et remissione formarum (ed. 1496)
  • De puritate artis logicae [a short version and a long version are extant] (ed. Boehner 1955; tr. Spade 2000)
• late commentaries
  • Ethics [1334]
  • Politics [1343] (both unedited)
  • the ars vetus [1337] (ed. 1509)
• a treatise De universalibus [after 1337] (ed. Wöhler 1999)

Walter Chatton (Catton) b. Chatton [Northumbria], 1285/90; d. Avignon, 1343/44

Theologian and philosopher, an important influence on Ockham. Entered the Franciscan order as a boy, probably at Carlisle, where he would have received his early education. Studied theology at Oxford ca. 1317-19. Lectured on the Sentences , either in London or Oxford, in 1321-23 and again in 1323-24, engaging in extensive disputations with Ockham. Regent master of theology in 1329-30. In Avignon from 1333. His principal works are

• Sentences commentary
  • Reportatio [ca. 1323] (ed. Wey and Etzkorn 2002-5)
  • a revised version up to Bk. I d. 17, the Lectura [1324/30] (ed. Etzkorn and Wey 2007-).
  • The Collatio and Prologus are edited separately (ed. Wey 1989).
• Quodlibet [1329-30] (ed. forthcoming)
• De paupertate evangelica (ed. Douie 1931-32)

William of Alnwick b. Northumberland, ca. 1275; d. Avignon, 1333

Franciscan philosopher and theologian, a disciple of Scotus. A friar from an early age. Probably studied at the Franciscan studium at Newcastle, and subsequently in Paris, under Scotus. Regent master at Oxford in 1315-16 and perhaps in Paris in 1317-18; subsequently lectured in Montpellier and Bologna. Elected bishop of Giovinnazzo in 1330. His opposition to John XXII on the issue of apostolic poverty led to a process of censure in 1323 and his flight to Naples. Seven years later, Alnwick (pronounced ANick) was appointed bishop of Giovinazzo. During his years studying in Paris, he served as secretary for Scotus's Ordinatio and reported one of his Collationes . After Scotus's death, he produced the lengthy Additiones magnae [1312/25], completing Scotus's unfinished lectures. Alnwick's own thought, often original despite the strong Scotistic influence, survives in his own Sentences commentary from Paris [prob. 1313-15] (unedited); disputed questions De esse intelligibile [1315-16] (ed. Ledoux 1937; part. tr. CTMPT 3); a Quodlibet [1315-16] (ed. Ledoux 1937), and a lengthy set of Disputationes [1322-23] (only selections edited; see Secondary Sources). Three questions on time are also extant (ed. Alliney, Time and Soul 2002).

William of Arnaud (Arnaldi) fl. ca. 1270s

Logician. Not an arts master at Toulouse from the 1230s/40s, as de Rijk argued.

• Lectura tractatuum [1270s] (ed. de Rijk, in “Genuine Text” 1969), a commentary on Peter of Spain's Tractatus

William of Auvergne (William of Paris, Guillelmus Alvernus) b. Aurillace [Auvergne], 1180/90; d. 1249

Theologian and bishop.

• Magisterium divinale ac sapientiale [1228/40]
  • De trinitate [De primo principio] (ed. Switalski 1976; tr. Teske and Wade 1989)
  • De universo creaturum (tr. Teske 1998-2007)
  • De anima [ca. 1240] (tr. Teske 2000)
  • Cur Deus homo
  • De fide et legibus
  • De sacramentis
  • De virtutibus et moribus
• De immortalitate animae (ed. Bülow 1897; tr. Teske 1991)
• De bono et malo (ed. O'Donnell 1946-54)
• De gratia et libero arbitrio (ed. Corti 1966)
• De arte predicandi (ed. de Poorter 1923)
• De errore Pelagii (ed. Landgraf 1930)

Works not available in a modern edition can be found in his Opera omnia (ed. Le Feron 1674|1963 etc.).

William of Auxerre (Guillelmus Altissiodorensis) b. Auxerre, ca. 1150; d. Rome, 1231

Influential early university theologian.

• Summa aurea [1215/29] (ed. Ribaillier 1980-87)
• Summa de officiis ecclesiasticis [ca. 1200] (unedited)

William of Bonkes fl. 1290s

Oxford philosopher.

• questions on (all unedited):
  • Priscian
  • De interpretatione
  • Metaphysics
  • Physics
  • De caelo
  • De generatione
  • Meteora
• Sophismata (ed. Ebbesen, in “ Animal est ” 1993)

William Buser b. Heusden [Brabant], before 1339; d. after 1413

Logician.

• Obligationes [1360] (ed. Pozzi, La coerenza logica 1990)

William of Clifford d. 1306

Arts master at Oxford by 1265.

• commentary on the Physics (Bks. III-IV ed. Trifogli 2007)
• likely the author of commentaries from the same manuscript on the De anima, De generatione et corruptione, Meteora, De somno et vigilia, and De vegetabilibus.

William Crathorn b. N England; fl. 1330s

Eccentric Dominican theologian and philosopher.

• Sentences Bk. I at Oxford [1330-31] (ed. Hoffmann 1988; q. 1 tr. CTMPT 3). His
• a Quodlibet may also be extant (unedited)

William of Durham d. Rouen, 1249

Paris theologian.

• a large set of questions [late 1220s] surviving in a single manuscript (unedited except for a question on the eternity of the world in Dales and Argerami, Medieval Latin Texts 1991)

William of Falegar (Falgar, Falagar) d. 1297/98

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [ca. 1280] (unedited)
• various disputed questions (part. ed. Gondras 1972)
  • including a De gradibus formarum [1271-72] (ed. Glorieux 1957)
• various sermons (unedited)

Not to be identified with Peter of Falco, as has been suggested.

William Heytesbury b. prob. Wiltshire, before 1313; d. 1372/73

Logician and natural philosopher; leading Oxford Calculator.

• Regulae solvendi sophismata [1335] (ed. 1494 etc.)
  • insolubles (tr. Spade 1979)
  • knowing and doubting (tr. CTMPT 1)
  • relative pronouns
  • beginning and ceasing
  • maxima and minima (tr. Longeway 1984)
  • place, quantity, and quality
• De sensu composito et diviso [1331/39] (ed. 1494 etc.; tr. CTMPT 1)
• Sophismata [1331/39] (ed. 1494 etc.; a provisional ed. by Pironet is available electronically).
• a treatise on consequences, Juxta hunc textum (internet ed. Pironet)
• Sophismata asinina (ed. Pironet 1994)
• a beginner's guide to definitions in natural philosophy, the Termini naturales (unedited)

William Hothum b. Yorkshire, ca. 1245; d. Dijon, 1298

Early English Thomist.

• seventeen quodlibetal questions [1280] (unedited)
• a De anima commentary ascribed to a Guillelmus Hedonensis (unedited)

William de la Mare (de Mara) b. England; fl. 1270s

Franciscan theologian, known for his early opposition to Thomism.

• Correctorium fratris Thomae [1277/79; later revised] (ed. Glorieux 1927, with Richard Knapwell's response; revised text part. ed. Oliva 2005)
• Sentences commentary [1268-70] (ed. Kraml 1989-2001)
• disputed questions [1274] (unedited)
• studies of the Hebrew and Greek texts of the Bible (unedited)

William of Macclesfield b. prob. near Chester; d. Canterbury, 1303

Early English Thomist.

• Correctorium ‘Quaestione' [ca. 1284] (ed. Müller 1954) [authorship probable]
• questions on the prologue and Bk. I of the Sentences [1290s] (unedited) [authorship probable]
• disputed questions (unedited) [authorship probable]

William of Middleton (Milton, de Militonia, de Meliton) d. ca. 1257/60

Franciscan theologian.

• disputed questions
  • on the sacraments (ed. Piana and Gál 1961)
• a treatise on the Mass (ed. Lampen 1931)
• many biblical commentaries (unedited)

Involved in completing Alexander of Hale's Summa, from 1255, but died before it was finished.

William Milverley fl. ca. 1400

English logician.

• various logical treatises
  • Compendium de quinque universalibus (part. ed. Conti 1990)

William of Nottingham b. ca. 1282; d. 1336

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences commentary [1306-8] (unedited except for fragments, incl. IV.8-13 [on the Eucharist] ed. Barbaric 1976)
• Various biblical studies are also extant.

To be distinguished from an earlier William of Nottingham, also a Franciscan, and also English minister provincial [1240-54]

William of Ockham (Occam) b. Ockham [Surrey], ca. 1287; d. Munich, 1347

Brilliantly innovative theologian and philosopher, the inceptor of late-medieval nominalism. Joined the Franciscan order as a youth, probably studying at the London convent. Began his theological studies ca. 1310, either in London or Oxford. Eventually sent to Oxford, lecturing on the Sentences in 1317-19 and subsequently the Bible. Lectured at a Franciscan studium , prob. in London, from 1321-24, without incepting as regent master. Summoned to Avignon in 1324 to respond to charges of heretical teaching. Various lists of propositions were drawn up, but no formal condemnation was ever made. While in Avignon, Ockham and several other Franciscans, including Michael of Cesena, minister general of the order, concluded that John XXII's position on apostolic poverty was heretical, and they fled Avignon in 1328 for Italy and then Germany, taking refuge with Emperor Ludwig of Bavaria. Ockham, excommunicated, spent the remainder of his life at the Franciscan convent in Munich.

• Scholastic theology and philosophy (all ed. Opera philosophica et theologica 1967-89),
  • Sentences
    • Reportatio (covering Bks. II-IV)
    • Ordinatio, Bk. I [1321/24] (part. tr. Boehner 1990; Spade, Five Texts 1994; CTMPT 2-3)
  • seven Quodlibeta [1321/24; rev. in Avignon] (tr. Freddoso and Kelley 1991)
  • Summa logicae [ca. 1323]
    • pt. I tr. Loux 1974
    • pt. II tr. Freddoso and Schuurman 1980 [scanned Latin text of Bks. I-II by Peter King]
    • pt. III-2 tr. Longeway 2007
    • pt. III-3 part. tr. CTMPT 1, part. tr. Spade [on insolubles];
  • commentaries
    • ars vetus (Isagoge tr. Kluge 1973) [1321/24]
    • Sophistical Refutations [1321/24]
    • a series of studies on Aristotle's physics [1321/24] (Brevis summa tr. Davies 1989).
  • treatises on the Eucharist and on quantity [both 1323/24] (both tr. Birch 1930)
  • a study of the connection of the virtues [1319] (tr. Wood 1997); another brief question Circa virtutes et vitia has been translated by Keele
  • a question on the eternity of the world (tr. Bosley and Tweedale 2006)
  • a treatise on divine foreknowledge (tr. Adams and Kretzmann 1983)

• political and ecclesiastical (all except Dialogus ed.Opera politica, Offler et al. 1940-97)
  • Opus nonaginta dierum [1332/34] (tr. Kilcullen and Scott 2001)
  • Epistola ad fratres minores [1334] (tr. McGrade and Kilcullen 1995)
  • Octo quaestiones de potestate papae [1340-41] (part. tr. McGrade and Kilcullen 1995)
  • Breviloquium [1341/42] (tr. McGrade and Kilcullen 1992)
  • De imperatorum et pontificum potestate [1346-47] (tr. Brett 1998)
  • Dialogus [1334/46] (part. tr. CTMPT 2; available on the internet in a critical edition with translation [ed. and tr. Kilcullen et al.]

Peter King has posted extensive translations from Ockham's discussion of universals (Ordinatio I.2.4-8).

William Penbygull (Penbegyll) b. Exeter; d. Oxford, 1420

Oxford follower of John Wyclif's controversial realism.

• De universalibus (ed. Conti 1982)
• Divisio entis in praedicamenta (unedited)

William of Peter Godin b. Bayonne [Gascony], ca. 1260; d. Avignon, 1336

Early French Thomist.

• Sentences commentary, known as the Lectura Thomasina [1299-1301] (unedited)
• Quaestio de individuationis principio [ca. 1305] (unedited)
• Tractatus de causa immediata ecclesiastice potestatis [1318] (ed. McCready 1982), which should likely be ascribed to William rather than to Peter of Palude

William of Rubio b. Spain, ca. 1290

Franciscan theologian.

• Sentences [either in Paris or perhaps Barcelona, 1324/32] (ed. 1518)

William of Saint-Amour b. Burgundy, ca. 1200; d. Burgundy, 1272

Paris theologian and leading controversialist against the mendicant orders.

• De periculis novissimorum temporum [1256] (ed. and tr. Geltner 2007)
• various briefer anti-mendicant works (ed. Traver 2003; ed. Traver, in “Disputed Questions” 1995)
• Collectiones catholicae et canonicae scripturae [1266] (ed. 1632|1997)

William seems not to be the author of extant commentaries on the Prior and Posterior Analytics (unedited) once ascribed to him. The anti-mendicant Liber de Antichristo (ed. Martène and Durand 1724-33|1968) should be ascribed to his student, Nicholas of Lisieux.

William of Sherwood b. Nottinghamshire, 1200/5; d. 1266/72

Influential logician.

• Introductiones in logicam (ed. Brands and Kann 1995; tr. Kretzmann 1966|1975)
• Syncategoremata (ed. O'Donnell 1941; tr. Kretzmann 1968).
• Possibly also by William are treatises on Insolubilia (ed. Roure 1970) and on Obligationes (ed. Green 1963)

William of Ware b. Hertfordshire; fl. 1290-1305

Franciscan theologian

• Sentences commentary [1290/1305], extant in three or perhaps four different redactions (unedited except fragments)

Witelo b. Silesia, ca. 1230; d. ca. 1290

Theologian and philosopher, best known for his work in optics.

• Perspectiva [1270/78] (Bks. I-III ed. and tr. Unguru 1991; Bk. V ed. and tr. Smith 1983)
• De natura daemonum and De causa primaria poenitentiae (both ed. Burchardt 1979)