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Measure 10, State appropriations for undergraduate programs, per resident bachelor’s degree

Measure: State appropriations for undergraduate programs per bachelor’s degree awarded to resident students, both for a single fiscal year (FY). "State appropriations" means funds from state tax dollars and excludes tuition.

Rationale: Lower state contributions per degree reflect efficiency or productivity in undergraduate education, and in using state monies for higher education. While this measure reflects many parameters of an institution’s operations, it indeed is a "quality indicator" of returns on state investments in undergraduate education.

Time period: FY1999-2000, the most recent with national data available.

Benchmark: AAU public average

Results (all figures rounded to the nearest $100):

• CU-Boulder: $23,900 in state appropriations for undergraduate programs per resident bachelor’s degree
• AAU publics
  • Average $71,500, median $71,200, N = 33
  • The result for CU-Boulder is approximately one third the AAU average or median
  • CU-Boulder is 33rd of 33 schools (Data not available for the 34th US AAU public, Rutgers)

Distribution over AAU publics, N = 33

   Value (x.x)                     # of institutions at the value shown
     14 7                        1  Minnesota
     13 8                        1  North Carolina
     12
     11
     10 12                       2
      9 9                        1
      8 1238899                  7
      7 12345                    5
      6 345                      3
      5 35666889                 8
      4 0                        1
      3 037                      3  Oregon, Penn State, Texas
      2 4                        1  CU-Boulder
		

For comparison: In FY1998, the period checked last year, CU-Boulder was 30th of 31 schools with only Oregon showing a lower state contribution per degree. CU-Boulder was 33rd of 33 schools in FY2000.

Data sources and definitions

• Total bachelor’s degrees: IPEDS completions, Grand total men (Award Level Total, Bachelor's degree), plus grand total women. FY2000.
• Residents (in-state) as percentage of undergraduate headcount: item F1, the Common Data Set (CDS), or institutional web postings if no CDS was available.
  • For three institutions (Indiana University, University of Iowa, and University of Missouri) where undergraduate percent resident data were not available from CDS or web postings, we estimated percentage of undergraduates who are residents from
    • percentage of fall 2000 resident freshman (from IPEDS migration supplement to IPEDS enrollment survey)
    • TIMES .77211
    • PLUS .224222
    • The two parameters above were determined from the relationship between the percent resident among fall 2000 freshmen and among all undergraduates fall 2000 for the 31 public AAU institutions with data available on both. The prediction equation accounts for 91% of the variance in actual all-undergraduate percent resident.
• For graduate-level students, no comparable data are available. Among the AAU public institutions, however, there is essentially a national market in graduate students, so that there is likely far less variance among states in the proportion of graduate-level students who are residents than in the proportion of undergraduate students who are residents. Furthermore, most graduate-level students who are U.S. citizens attain residency after a year of study, again dampening differences between states. Therefore, we used 74%, the CU-Boulder percentage, to estimate the percentage of graduate-level students who are from residents for all institutions. If other data become available, we will revise this procedure.
• State appropriation: IPEDS finance survey: Part A, line 04. This represents state tax dollars. Tuition is a separate line in the survey.
• We assumed that the entire state appropriation was for resident students or FTE.
• The "appropriation for undergraduate programs" is thus estimated as the total appropriation, times the percentage of resident students who are undergraduates.
• State appropriations for undergraduate programs per resident degree, the final measure, is then calculated as
  • Total bachelor’s degrees TIMES the estimated percentage of resident undergraduates,
  • DIVIDED BY
  • State appropriations for undergraduate programs = (Total state appropriations TIMES estimated percentage of resident undergraduates)

Notes on differences in methods between FY1998 and FY2000 analyses:

1. FY1998 state dollar figure included only amounts reported as unrestricted. In FY2000, IPEDS collection did not differentiate between unrestricted and restricted state appropriations.
1. Based on FY1999 IPEDS calculation, the last year listing unrestricted and restricted state appropriations, a majority (19 out of 33) have 100 percent unrestricted state appropriations.
2. Nine out of the remaining 14 report between 90 and 99 percent unrestricted.
3. That leaves five institutions, Iowa State (75%), Michigan State (84%), Univ. of MN (85%), Ohio State (81%), and Univ. of VA (89%), with 75 to 89 percent unrestricted of total state appropriations. We did not make any attempts to estimate unrestricted for FY2000 or to adjust for the change in definition.
2. Why is Boulder last with FY2000 data but trailed by Oregon with FY1998 data? This is due to differential increases in state appropriations. CU-Boulder experienced a 9.85% (70,107,069 to 77,013,734) increase from FY1998 to FY2000 while U of Oregon experienced at 34.7% (19,310,417 to 66,423,378) increase.

PBA notes:
Excel document containing download from IPEDS and source of SAS dataset
\\PBA-EX-1\IA\IR\Reports\IPEDS\peer\AAUPublic2000.xls
SAS data set and program in L:\ir\reports\ipeds\peer with qis10_2001 providing proc univariate output

l:\ir\cche\qis\01\ms10.doc

Last revision 12/19/03