1. Using the Stefan-Boltzmann Law:

Energy Emitted = esT_o⁴

= 0.97 x 5.67e-8 Wm^-2K^-4 (15 ° C + 273.15 K)⁴

= 379 Wm^-2

2. Using the Stefan-Boltzmann Law:

T_o = ( L­ / ( es ) )^1/4

= (1000Wm^-2 / ( 0.91 x 5.67e-8 Wm^-2K^-4) )^1/4

= 375 K (102 ° C)

Given this high surface temperature, I would not recommend a human expedition to planet Boulder. Further, if the surface barometric pressure were similar to Earth, liquid water would not exist on this plant (it would boil away). Only if barometric pressures were higher than Earth’s could liquid water exits.

3. Using Wien's Law:

T_o = 2897 mm K / l_max

= 2897 mm K /16 mm

= 181 K (-92 ° C)

Looks a little too cool to send someone down.

4. Using the cosine law of illumination:

S( q ) = S_i cos(q )

= 1000Wm^-2 cos(0)

= 1000Wm^-2

and so on for each angle.
 

Latitude(° )	S (Wm-2)
90N	0
60N	500
30N	866
0	1000
30S	866
60S	500
90S	0

5. a = K­ / K¯ ; K­ = a K¯ ; K¯ = K­ / a = 200 Wm^-2 / 0.18 = 1111 Wm^-2

6. At night, Q* = L* = L¯ - L­ = L¯ - esT_o⁴

Solving for T_o:

T_o = ( ( L¯ - Q*) / (es ) ) ^1/4 = ( ( 325Wm^-2 - -70Wm^-2 ) / ( 0.97 x 5.67e-8 Wm^-2K^-4 ) ) ^1/4

= 291 K = 18 ° C