Geog 1001 Practice/Sample Questions for the Multiple Choice Section of the Fouth Exam, December 12 2005.
Here are some sample questions for the third exam. Note that the topics I cover vary from year to year, so some questions may not be relevant.
1.
Small
openings (stomata) are usually
found on the underside of leaves. The purpose of these openings is to
permit
the exchange of _____.
A.
Photosynthetic
Active Radiation (PAR)
B.
water
vapor
C.
carbon
dioxide
D.
B
and C only
E.
A, B and C
2.
An example
given in class of a species
that utilizes Caucasian Acid Metabolism (CAM) was _____.
A.
cacti
B.
rice
C.
pea
D.
mangrove
E. cypress
3.
An example
given in class of a species
that has gas-filled channels in its roots/stems was _____.
A.
cacti
B.
rice
C.
pea
D.
mangrove
E.
cypress
4.
An example
given in class of a C4 species was _____.
A.
cacti
B.
rice
C.
corn
D.
mangrove
E.
cypress
5.
There are
several tree species (e.g. willow, aspen), however,
that routinely tolerate temperatures
below -40 °C.
How?
A.
By
expelling water through transpiration by opening stomata .
B.
By
increasing cellular water content through water uptake by roots.
C.
By
increasing the salt content inside cells, thereby lowering the freezing
point.
D.
By
expelling water from inside to outside the cell walls where expansion
due to
freezing is relatively harmless.
E.
These
species do not have any water in their cells.
6.
We discussed
some likely long-term
adaptations for terrestrial vegetation to increasing atmospheric carbon
dioxide
concentrations. Which type of species (referring to photosynthetic
pathways)
would most dominate if/when the atmospheric concentration of CO2
reaches 1000 parts per million (more than double today’s concentration)?
A.
C2
B.
C3
C.
C4
D.
E.
CEC
7.
At low
atmospheric CO2 concentrations (roughly less than 375 ppmv),
which type of species has a higher CO2
assimilation rate?
A.
C2
B.
C3
C.
C4
D.
8.
Our
discussion of the latest findings on past past (650,000 years abefore
present) atmospheric concetrations of CO2 and CH4 was based on _____.
A.
Antarctic
ice core drilled at Dome C.
B.
Greenland ice
core drilled at Dome C.
C.
Sunspot Cylce
D.
Tree Rings
E.
Glacial
landforms
9.
Evidence of
climate change does not include data from:.
A.
tree rings
B.
sediment
cores
C.
ice cores
D.
glacial
landforms
E.
astrophysical
data
10.
The
past, long-term (i.e. past 650,000 years) temperature record is
inferred by
measuring the _____ of the ice core layers.
A.
thicknesses
B.
densities
C.
pollen
concentrations
D.
oxygen
isotope ratios
E.
radioactivity
11.
Sunspots
were first observed by _____, and today we recognized a ____ cycle in
sunspot
activity.
A.
B.
Galileo;
10.7-year
C.
Einstein;
100,000-year
D.
Milankovitch;
100,000-year
E.
Torricelli;
100,000-year
12.
From
Milankovitch Theory, the cycle (period or "signal") of cliamte
change is roughly
A.
26,000
years
B.
41,000
days
C.
41,000
years
D.
96,000
days
E.
96,000
years
13.
The
time series of atmospheric CO2 concentrations measured at
Niwot
Ridge shows a steady increase in CO2, and superimposed on
this trend
is a seasonal (annual) variation: high CO2 concentrations
during
winter, low CO2 concentrations during summer. Why?
A.
Photosynthesis
hence CO2 uptake is greater during the
Northern Hemisphere’s summer.
B.
Pollution
levels are generally higher
during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer.
C.
This is a
measurement error. CO2
concentrations are harder to measure in the winter.
D.
Ozone
destruction is pronounced during
the Northern Hemisphere’s winter. This is directly linked to carbon
release.
E.
The Polar
Vortex, leading to the
formation of Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSC), develops during the
Northern
Hemisphere’s winter, thus acceleration the destruction of CO2.
A.
roll;
tilt; spin
B.
eccentricity;
roll; spin
C.
precession;
tilt; spin
D.
eccentricity;
precession; tilt
E.
roll;
spin; magnetic field