1. Distinguish between the following pairs in a manner that makes it clear that you know what each is and how they differ.
a. Euploid and aneuploid
b. Triploidy and trisomy
c. Autopolyploid and allopolyploid
d. Hybrid and allopolyploid.
e. Diploid and amphidiploid.
2. Human autosomal aneuploidies tend to cause very severe symptoms.
A. What mechanisms are responsible for the generally more severe effects of autosomal aneuploidies than are seen with sex chromosome aneuploidies.B. What is the only human autosomal trisomy that is likely to allow survival into adulthood.
C. Identify two othe human autosomal trisomies that sometimes result in live births, but with severe birth defects.
3. Briefly identify the genetic defect that is responsible for cri-du-chat syndrome.
4. Why are allotetraploids more likely to be fully fertile than autotetraploids?
5. Describe a process for the experimental generation of an allotetraploid from a cross-species hybrid.
6. Does the chromosome number of an allotetraploid have to be an even multiple of four? Explain your answer.
7. What is the agricultural significance of allopolyploids? (You should be able to think of more than one answer).
8. Describe two distinctly different reasons why triploid plants may be preferred for certain agricultural crops.
9. A fertile allopolyploid plant with a chromosome number of 38 is crossed with one of its parent species. Do you expect the progeny to be fertile? Explain your answer.
10. Does the formation of an allotetraploid between two plant species insure that the most desirable properties of both will be found in the allotetraploid? Explain the reasoning behind your answer.
11. What approach would you use to attempt to construct an allotetraploid from two plant species that are not capable of cross pollination? Describe the steps that are involved.
12. How does a diploid banana differ from commercially sold bananas?
13. What problems stand in the way of fertility of triploid plants?
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