Econ 4999-004
POLITICAL ECOMY OF THE MIDDLE EAST
12:00 to 12:50, M-W-F, in STAD 135
Fall 2005
Professor Akacem
Office Econ 10

No Email please unless it is an emergency. If you need to see me please do so during my office hours, M-W: 8:25 a.m. to 9:55 a.m in Econ 10 or by appointment whenever possible



Do not PRINT this syllabus until we finalize the presentation schedule. Once this is done, we will finalize the lecture, presenation schedule and case studies.

 

Prequesites for this course: Econ 3070 and Econ 3080. If you signed up for this course but have not taken these courses, I will assume that you are able to follow the discussion and material coverage on economic policy and theory covered in the pre-requesites. This will also be necessary for your paper and final exam, since you need to show your understanding of the major economic issues for the country or region that you choose.

Objective of the Course:

This course will deal with the overall political economy of the Middle East. This particular critical thinking course is particularly timely given the invasion and the subsequent occupation of Iraq and the WMD issue. Your participation is not only encouraged, but it is a MUST. The course will  rely on both lectures as well as your input, discussions and presentations. The course has several objectives:

First, the course will help you understand and discuss the relevant issues that are important to this region as well as its strategic importance to the West and the United States. The region is often associated with oil, Islam, the Palestinian-Israeli peace process and overall instability that occurs in different parts of the area. Through class discussion and presentations, we will try to focus on the main issues as well as use current events to highlight and emphasize topics that are important to our class. Some days, class discussions may be driven by current unfolding events.

Second, the course will also help you identify the religious, historical, social, political, economic and security issues that affect the region as a whole. Again, students are encouraged to read the papers (print and via the Web) to discuss ongoing developments either for the whole region or developments that affect their particular country or countries. The emphasis will be on the economic development, policy and overall economic issues facing your country or region of interest.

Third, we will also make an attempt to compare the Economic and Political developments in the region with other regions of the world. Has democracy taken hold? Why or why not? Has the region achieved sustainable economic growth and development? Why or why not? Finally, I will invite a number of outside speakers-depending on their schedule- who will speak to the class on specific topics, such as the role of Islam, politics in the region, the economic models chosen by these countries and why, and other topics by people who have lived in the region.

Fourth: At least two thirds of your paper will have to deal with en economic issue of the country, region, topic at hand. Remember, this is an Econ course.

Fifth: We will have guest lectures whenever possible if the speakers are available.

Sixth: E-Reserves has a number of articles posted on it. These will be assigned in class as the material and the topic as well as the events are fluid and change so we need to be flexible. The list of articles will be expanded. I have a number of articles but after we get a clear picture as what will be presented, then we will decide what will be posted on E-Reserve.I will be adding more material.

Main Sources:

1. Arab Human Development Report 2003, United Nations Development Program, 2003 found at:  http://www.miftah.org/Doc/Reports/Englishcomplete2003.pdf

http://www.undp.org/rbas/ahdr/

2. Arab World Competitiveness Report 2002-2003, The World Economic Forum, Geneva, 2003.

http://www.weforum.org/site/homepublic.nsf/Content/Global+Competitiveness+Programme\Regional+Competitiveness+Reports\Arab+World+Competitiveness+Report+2002-2003

You can either print these reports or just read chapter by chapter as we go along and depending on your country of interest. We may not have the time to read all of it, but these are is the FIRST authoritative reports written by Arab scholars on the region and is somewhat critical on a number of issues such as economic, social and political that we will be discussion in class.

3. The Gulf 2000 Site: Covers the following countries: Bahrain, Iran, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates found at:

http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/

4. The IMF and the World Bank Middle East sites:

http://www.imf.org
http://www.worldbank.org

5. Other Websites:

Gulf/2000 Project http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/
The International Crisis Group http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm
Middle East Studies Association http://www.mesa.arizona.edu/
University of Texas, Austin http://menic.utexas.edu/menic.html
Harvard University http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~mideast/inMEres/inMEres.html

Optional from the library and for your paper projects:

Peter Mansfield, A History of the Middle East

H.W. Brands, Into the Labyrinth:  The United States and the Middle East, 1945-1993

Ian J. Bickerton and Carla L. Klausner, A Concise History of the Arab-Israeli Conflict (4th edition)

James F. Hoge, Jr. and Gideon Rose (editors), How Did This Happen?  Terrorism and the New War

Read the National Security Directive 54, ordering the U.S. attack on Iraq -- available from the National Security Archive:

www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB21/06-01.htm

I have the whole document and I can try to have you access it on the web from my site but you should read part or the whole CIA document on the 1953 as published by the New York Times:

http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/041600iran-cia-index.html.  

The Politics of Oil: see F. Gregory Gause, III, Oil Monarchies , chapter 3 on “Oil and Politics.” Available from McGill University-Universite de Montreal Interuniversity Consortium on Arab Studies:

 http://www.arts.mcgill.ca/programs/icas/gause/chapter3.html

Democracy in the Arab World, see Daniel Brumberg, “Liberalization versus Democracy:  Understanding Arab Political Reform,”

http://www.ceip.org/files/pdf/wp37.pdf

Optional Text:

"A political economy of the Middle East", second edition. by Alan Richards and John Waterbury, Westview Press, 1998.
I will try to leave a copy on reserve but if you wish to buy a copy, you can do so. It has not been ordered so you may want to get it on-line which may be cheaper.

"The Arab World Facing The Challenge of the New Millennium" by Henry T. Azzam, I.B. Taurus, 2002

Elias H. Tuma, Economic and Political Change in the Middle East, (Palo Alto, Pacific Books, 1987)
Colbert C. Held, Middle East Patterns: Places, Peoples, and Politics, 2nd edition, (Boulder, Westview Press 1994)

Other Sources:

You have to subscribe to (or have access to) either The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times or The Economist , The Library of Congress and the CIA's site are also good sources. Access to the New York Times is free for some parts of the paper. Access to the Economist is limited. However, The Wall Street Journal gives you access to more than one paper. Once you subscribe to it, you will have access to the European edition of the journal as well as the Asian edition in addition to Barron's and the ability to do searches. I also highly recommend that you bookmark the site for the Financial Times of London which covers the Middle East and North Africa really well.This is by no means a complete list. The International Crisis Group is also an excellent source.

"Plan of Attack" by Bob Woodword, 2004, Simon and Schuster

"Against all Enemies" by Richard A Clarke, 2004, Free press

"The 9/11 Commission Report" found on the web at:  http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/

We will be viewing a number of case studies, the order of which will be determined after we clear the presentation schedule and the topics from the class.

2. Norlin Library:

You need to compile to a good reference list of recent works published on the country(ies) that you will be working on. These can be books, journals, periodicals etc...One particular source that I highly recommend is Finance and Development, published by the IMF and The World Bank. Each December issue will have a complete list of the articles published during that year. I highly recommend that you use it or try to search the data base at the library so that you can locate the articles that you need. Articles published in Finance and Development tend to be short and the to point with, at times, considerable ammout of data.

3. The World Bank's World Development Report (annual), The Internatinal Monetary Fund's International Financial Statistics.

4. http://www.uae-pages.com/me-newspaper.htm, some papers are in Arabic, just ignore those (some of you may be able to read Arabic but most probably won't.)
5. This is a MUST stop for your research:
http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/, from this site, you can get all kinds of information on the Gulf (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Bahrain and Qatar.)

Must sites and sources for your research:

Library of Congress:
http://memory.loc.gov/frd/cs/ , here you can find country report on almost any country that you decide to study or do your paper on.

There is one site out of Egypt whose address
http://www.erf.org.eg/ . It also carries reports on the whole region.

The World Bank special page on the region:
http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/mna/mena.nsf?OpenDatabase

The International Monetary Fund at: http://www.imf.org/ and particularly Finance and Development at:  http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2003/12/index.htm where you can find report on all of the countries of the region. Just do a search under the country's name.

The CIA's site for the annual fact book at: http://www.cia.gov/ and particularly at: http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/faqs.html  This will give you up to date information also. Finally The World Bank’s Middle East and North Africa page at: http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/mna/mena.nsf

Also search for sites that are particular to your country(ries). There are number of Research centers and institutes that specialize in the study of the Middle East and North Africa, your goal and objective is to "hunt" and find as many as you can and as a class, we will compile the best and post them on our class home page. Also, each student must compile a list of important and relevant sites for the country(ies) that they are working on. This list should be part of the paper and appended at the end of the paper after the bibliography.

COURSE OUTLINE:
This is tentative at this time until after we collect the topics for presentations form students. This will change when we have the dates of presentations of the different students then the topics and the week by week assignments will all be finalized. Remember, you need to choose your country/topic by the first week.

NOTE: You are expected to come to class each day with at least one story on your country/area/topic (complete source of the story should be included in your article) from a major paper such as the New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times, The Economist Or other well known and establshed sources. We will begin the class with a discussion of a major current event and how it relates to our class.


Week One: Introduction, discussion of sources, and topic discussion

Here are a few areas and countries that you may consider. One presentation/Paper per student:

Islamic Economics
Islamic Banking
OPEC, World oil markets and US energy policy
Arab Economies and competitiveness in the global economy (see the Arab Competitive report source cited earlier)

Any one of these countries or regions:

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Afghanistan
Algeria
Bahrain (alone or part of the GCC)
Egypt
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait (alone or part of the GCC)
Lebanon
Libya
Qatar (either alone or part of the GCC)
Morocco
Oman (alone or part of the GCC)
Saudi Arabia (either alone or part of the GCC)
Sudan
Syria
Tunisia
Turkey
United Arab Emirate (either alone or part of the GCC)
West Bank and Gaza
If you have a topic in mind, you need to clear it with me first. You need to make your choices immediately. Once a country/topic is claimed you need to choose another one.

Topic One: Iraq from Gulf War 1, to Gulf War III. Case studies and Articles to reviewd and discuss in class.
The New Yorker Magazine has a whole archive of articles on the Iraq. It used to have one on 9/11 but you may have to search for it. I expect you to read some of them and discuss them in class.
http://www.newyorker.com/archive/

Another starting point for our discussion on Iraq, democracy, dual containement, Economics of War, Oil and other issues can be found in the Atlantic Monthly Magazine at:

http://www.theatlantic.com/


Week Two: Library visit, lab visit if possible, web search, schedule of presentations
Deadline for your paper topic is August 29th or earlier. However, the paper topics will accepted on a first come basis. That is if a country/region is chosen by a student and submitted to me before the deadline, that country/region is already taken and cannot be covered by another student.

You also need to give me an outline/proposal by the same date, August 29th, 2005. This should have the main objective of your paper and clearly explain your thesis and your methodology. The proposal should also have an initial bibliography.

Continue viewing the case studies on Iraq and material on the Economics of War.

Truths, Wars and Consequences
The Man Who Knew
Gulf War (parts 1 and 2)
The Saudi Question and others as time permit

Important Note:
At the end of each case study that is viewed in class, you are expected to hand in a one page hand written commentary on what you watched. This should be an analysis/critique/raising questions on what you just observed.

Continue viewing the case studies on Iraq and material on the Economics of War


Week Three: Overview of the main issues affecting the Middle East and North Africa, lectures and discussion.


Week Four: Oil, Islam and Politics in the Middle East. US and West dependence on it and what should be done?


Week Five: Economic Development in the region, Global currency crisis and regional impact


Week Six: Guest lectures and case studies viewed and discussed in class.


Week Seven: Continue with Case Studies viewed and discussed in class


Week Eigth: Discussion, presentations, current events


Week Nine: Discussion, presentations, current events


Week Ten: Discussion, presentations, current events


Week Eleven: Discussion, presentations, current events


Week Twelve: Discussion, presentations, current events


Week Thirteen: Discussion, presentations, current events


Week Fourteen: Short country reports (brief) due and distributed to the class.


Week Fifteen: Consultation with students on final phase of the paper, continue with presentations/case studies


Week Sixteen: Final paper due no later than Monday December 5th, 2005, continue with presentations/case studies


This outline will change significantly after I get the topics and assign the presenation dates. We will decide if we will have two presenations per class or one and that will drastically change the outline. To save paper, wait until I give you the list of presenations before printing this syllabus. We do this every semester and it works best if you wait until we get everyone's topic which would be after the first week of classes.


Grading:

Each student will have to complete the following:

1. A major paper on the country(ies) or region.The paper should be no more than 25 pages, double spaced.. Each student will do one project. The paper needs to emphasize the economic policy aspects-and political and religious when necessary but the emphasis should be on the economic analysis- and be analytical and NOT descriptive. What the major econmic problems facing your country? How did it face them? What sorts of economic policy (ies) were followed to address them? What would you recommend? You need to have a clear paper backed up by data and very good sources. Relying on Web sources only will not do. You need to have a solid list of resources such as scholarly articles, books, reports, etc... If need be, your paper will address the different issues facing the given country (economic, social, religious, political, military etc...) and produces an outlook for the future (not necessarily a forecast). Given the region under study, you may choose to do something on oil and its importance to the region and the world economy. Dependence on oil by the region is also a topic worthy of consideration. The paper will count for 40% of your grade. Remember, you need to make sure that your paper is well written, complete with references and footnotes and a bibliography. Do not merely summarize what reports already written by others. You need to have a theme, argue your case and come with policy recommendations. If you need help, consult. All papers will be submitted to Turnitin.com. You should submit a paper copy AND a disk or a CD with both your presenation AND your paper on it by Monday December 5th, 2005 or before if you are done. Late paper will be graded down by one letter grade.

2. By June 2nd, each student should hand in a typed two or three page outline/proposal for their topic. This should include a detailed outline, thesis, methodology and data sources. These should NOT be all web sources.

A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, by Kate. L. Turabian, University of Chicago Press
Please consult. Failure to have a proper bibliography will reduce your grade.

As mentioined earlier, all papers will be uploaded to Turnitin.com. Remember that plagiarism is a serious offense and it will be reported to the Honor's Code office as well as to the Dean's office. Check the policy on this issue at:

http://www.colorado.edu/policies/acadinteg.html

Please note that not all papers will be given an A. The grade distribution will be as follows:

Grade 100% scale

A 93.4-100
A- 90.0-93.3
B+ 86.7-89.9
B 83.4-86.6
B- 80.0-83.3
C+ 76.7-79.9
C 73.4-76.6
C- 70.0-73.3 =
D+ 66.7-69.9
D 63.4-66.6
D- 60.0-63.3
F less than 60


3 .
Attendance and class participation both in class will count toward the final grade. Attendance means being in class on time. Being late will count as absent. Not having read the assignments for the day will count as an F for that component of the course. We will be discussing different current issues, news articles, current events etc... It will be our virual classroom. The class participation will count for 20% of your grade, mostly on class discussion, material that you find and bring to class for discussion etc... Asking questions does not consitute class participation. You have to be fully engaged and show that you are keeping up with the material and have read it and comment/critique it. The same applies to the presenations of other students. You are expected to have read in advance and be prepared to ask/challenge/add/critique a presention. Attendance will count for 15%. However, not being in class will automatically be reflected in a lack of attendance.

4. Prior to finishing your final paper, you will have to make a presentation and get feedback from the class. Based on the comments from the class and myself, you will be able to put the finishing touches on your paper. The presentation has be comprehensive. By that, I mean you are expected to present your thesis, your findings, predictions, what you learned from the project etc... I highly suggest that you bring in a detailed outline to be presented to the class, as well as encourage you to use transparencies if need be. We will work out a schedule during the first week of classes. The presentation will count for 10%.

5. There is will be a short exam which will count for 15% and the material to be covered will be given to you in class early enough.

The Exam will take place on: Saturday December 10th, 2005, from 10:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. You are required to double check by looking at the schedule of of Final exams for these dates and times in case there is a change.

Remember that this is subject to change. New material will be assigned as it becomes available and the order of coverage may change as events dictate.